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Ecohydrology of water-controlled ecosystems : soil moisture and plant dynamics /
This book addresses the connections between the hydrologic cycle and plant ecosystems. It will appeal to advanced students and researchers from a large range of disciplines, including environmental science, hydrology, ecology, earth science, civil and environmental engineering, agriculture, and atmo...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Autor principal: | |
| Otros Autores: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Cambridge ; New York :
Cambridge University Press,
©2004.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Foreword / Gabriel Katul
- Preface
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Stochastic soil moisture dynamics and water balance
- 3. Crossing properties of soil moisture dynamics
- 4. Plant water stress
- 5. Applications to natural ecosystems
- 6. Coupled dynamics of photosynthesis, transpiration and soil water balance: from hourly to growing-season time scale
- 7. Plant strategies and water use
- 8. Seasonal and interannual fluctuations in soil moisture dynamics
- 9. Spatial scale issues in soil moisture dynamics
- 10. Hydrologic controls on nutrient cycles
- 11. Hydrologic variability and ecosystem structure
- References
- Species index
- Subject index.
- Cover
- Title
- Copyright
- Dedication
- Contents
- Foreword
- Preface
- 1 Introduction
- 1.1 Ecohydrology of water-controlled ecosystems
- 1.2 Simplifying assumptions
- 1.3 Levels of description
- 1.4 Temporal scales
- 1.5 Spatial dimensions
- 1.6 Soil moisture and the cycles of soil nutrients
- 1.7 Soil moisture dynamics and ecosystem structure
- 2 Stochastic soil moisture dynamics and water balance
- 2.1 Soil water balance at a point
- 2.1.1 Rainfall modeling
- 2.1.2 Interception
- 2.1.3 Infiltration and runoff
- 2.1.4 Active soil depth
- 2.1.5 Evapotranspiration
- 2.1.6 Leakage losses
- 2.1.7 Soil-drying process
- 2.2 Probabilistic evolution of the soil moisture process
- 2.3 Steady-state probability distribution of soil moisture
- 2.4 Water balance
- 2.5 Comparison with field data
- 2.6 Simpler models of soil moisture dynamics
- 2.6.1 A simplified stochastic model of soil moisture dynamics
- 2.6.2 Minimalistic models of soil moisture dynamics
- 2.7 Appendix A. Soil moisture cumulative probability distribution
- 3 Crossing properties of soil moisture dynamics
- 3.1 Mean first passage times of processes driven by white shot noise
- 3.1.1 MFPT's of a threshold8230;above the initial point s
- 3.1.2 MFPT's of a threshold8230;below the initial point8230;
- 3.2 Crossing properties of the soil moisture process
- 3.3 Duration of excursions between two different levels of soil moisture
- 3.4 MFPT's for minimalistic models of soil moisture
- 3.4.1 The minimalistic model with constant losses
- 3.4.2 The minimalistic model with linear losses
- 3.5 Appendix B. Backward differential equation and crossing properties
- 3.5.1 Derivation of the backward equation for the soil moisture process
- 3.5.2 From the backward equation to the crossing properties
- 4 Plant water stress
- 4.1 Soil-water deficit and plant water stress
- 4.1.1 The components of plant water potential
- 4.1.2 Plant water potential and soil moisture dynamics
- 4.1.3 Physiological effects of a reduction in plant water potential
- 4.1.4 Modeling plant water stress: from water deficit to vegetation response
- 4.2 Probabilistic description of static water stress
- 4.3 Dynamic water stress
- 4.4 Impact of environmental conditions on dynamic water stress
- 4.5 Optimal plant conditions
- 5 Applications to natural ecosystems
- 5.1 The role of vegetation in the Nylsvley savanna
- 5.1.1 Description of the site
- 5.1.2 Soil moisture probability density function and water balance
- 5.1.3 Soil moisture crossing properties and vegetation water stress
- 5.2 Sensitivity to climate fluctuations in a southern Texas savanna
- 5.2.1 Description of the site
- 5.2.2 Soil moisture probability density function and water balance
- 5.2.3 Soil moisture crossing properties and vegetation water stress
- 5.3 The role of soil texture in the Colorado shortgrass steppe
- 5.3.1 Description of the site
- 5.3.2 Soil moisture probability density function and water balance
- 5.3.3 Soil moisture crossing properties and vegetation water stress
- 5.4 Vegetation patterns along the Kalahari precipitation gradient
- 5.4.1 Description of the site
- 5.4.2 Annual and interannual rainfall variability
- 5.4.3 Soil moisture dynamics and water balance
- 5.4.4 Plant water stress
- 5.5 Tree canopy effects in southern African savannas
- 5.5.1 Modeling framework
- T.