Preventing the forward contamination of Europa /

Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:Libro Electrónico
Autores Corporativos: National Research Council (U.S.). Task Group on the Forward Contamination of Europa, United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Formato: Electrónico eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press, ©2000.
Temas:
Space vehicles > Sterilization.
Microbial contamination.
Contamination (Technology)
Contamination.
contamination.
SCIENCE > Astronomy.
Microbial contamination
Space vehicles > Sterilization
PLANETARY ENVIRONMENTS.
PLANETARY RADIATION.
SPACECRAFT CONTAMINATION.
DECONTAMINATION.
JUPITER SATELLITES.
SPACECRAFT STERILIZATION.
Europa (Satellite)
Europe (Satellite)
Jupiter (Planet) > Europa (Satellite)
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Preventing the Forward Contamination of Europa
  • Copyright
  • Foreword
  • Preface
  • Contents
  • Executive Summary
  • 1 Planetary Protection Policies
  • HISTORY
  • PROTECTING MARS
  • BOX 1.1 VIKING'S APPROACH TO BIOLOAD REDUCTION
  • Presterilization
  • Sterilization
  • REFERENCES
  • 2 Europa
  • EUROPA EXPLORATION STRATEGY
  • EUROPA'S RADIATION ENVIRONMENT
  • REFERENCES
  • 3 Life in Extreme Environments
  • EXTREMOPHILES
  • EXTREME ENVIRONMENTS
  • REFERENCES
  • 4 Sterilization and Cleaning Methods
  • CLEANING AND STERILIZATION STANDARDS
  • ACHIEVING THE STANDARDS.
  • BOX 4.1 CURRENT CLEAN-ROOM PROCEDURES
  • REFERENCE
  • 5 Microbial Detection and Identification
  • REFERENCES
  • 6 Recommended Planetary Protection Strategy for Europa
  • PLANETARY PROTECTION STRATEGY FOR EUROPA
  • MAJORITY AND MINORITY VIEWPOINTS
  • Applicability of the Current Planetary Protection Strategies to Europa
  • Survival of Terrestrial Microbes on Europa
  • CONCLUSIONS
  • REFERENCES
  • 7 Conclusions and Recommendations
  • Appendixes
  • A Calculating the Probability of Contamination, Pc,
  • A SAMPLE METHODOLOGY
  • Microbial Populations On Spacecraft.
  • F1-Total Number of Cells Relative to Cultured Cells
  • F2-Bioburden Reduction Treatment
  • F3-Cruise Survival Fraction
  • F4-Radiation Survival
  • F5-Probability of Landing at an Active Site
  • F6-Burial Fraction
  • F7-Probability That an Organism Survives and Proliferates
  • F7a-Survivability of Exposure Environments
  • F7b-Availability of Nutrients
  • F7c-Suitability of Energy Sources
  • F7d-Suitability for Active Growth
  • Joint Probability for F7
  • Conclusions from the Illustrative Calculation
  • REFERENCES
  • B Glossary.

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