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The Human Impact on the Natural Environment Past, Present, and Future.
| Autor principal: | |
|---|---|
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Newark :
John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated,
2013.
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| Colección: | New York Academy of Sciences Ser.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Intro
- Title page
- Copyright page
- Preface to the Seventh Edition
- About the Companion Website
- Part I: The Past and Present
- 1: Introduction
- The development of ideas
- The development of human population and stages of cultural development
- Hunting and gathering
- Humans as cultivators, keepers and metal workers
- Modern industrial and urban civilizations
- 2: The Human Impact on Vegetation
- Introduction
- The use of fire
- Fires: natural and anthropogenic
- Some consequences of fire suppression
- Some effects of fire on vegetation
- The role of grazing
- Deforestation
- Secondary rain forest
- The human role in the creation and maintenance of savanna
- The spread of desert vegetation on desert margins
- The maquis of the Mediterranean lands
- The prairies and other mid-latitude and high-altitude grasslands
- Post-glacial vegetational change in Britain and Europe
- Lowland heaths
- Introduction, invasion and explosion
- Air pollution and its effects on plants
- Forest decline
- Miscellaneous causes of plant decline
- The change in genetic and species diversity
- Conclusion: threats to plant life
- 3: Human Influence on Animals
- Domestication of animals
- Dispersal and invasions of animals
- Human influence on the expansion of animal populations
- Causes of animal contractions and decline: pollution
- Habitat change and animal decline
- Other causes of animal decline
- Animal extinctions in prehistoric times
- Modern-day extinctions
- 4: The Human Impact on the Soil
- Introduction
- Salinity: natural sources
- Human agency and increased salinity
- Irrigation salinity
- Dryland salinity
- Urban salinity
- Interbasin water transfers
- Coastal zone salinity
- Consequences of salinity
- Reclamation of salt-affected lands
- Lateritization
- Accelerated podzolization and acidification
- Some anthrosols resulting from agriculture and urbanization
- Soil carbon
- Soil structure alteration
- Soil drainage and its impact
- Soil fertilization
- Fires and soil quality
- Soil erosion: general considerations
- Soil erosion associated with deforestation and agriculture
- Accelerated wind erosion
- Soil erosion produced by fire
- Soil erosion associated with construction and urbanization
- Soil conservation
- 5: The Human Impact on the Waters
- Introduction
- Deliberate modification of rivers
- Urbanization and its effects on river flow
- Vegetation modification and its effect on river flow
- The human impact on lake levels
- Changes in groundwater conditions
- Water pollution
- Chemical pollution by agriculture and other activities
- Deforestation and its effects on water quality
- Thermal pollution
- Pollution with suspended sediments
- Marine pollution
- 6: Human Agency in Geomorphology
- Introduction
- Landforms produced by excavation
- Landforms produced by construction and dumping
- Sediment transport by rivers