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Radar for Fully Autonomous Driving.
This is the first book to bring together the increasingly complex radar automotive technologies and tools being explored and utilized in the development of fully autonomous vehicles- technologies and tools now understood to be essential for the field to fully mature. You'll get a big-picture to...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Norwood :
Artech House,
2022.
|
| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
MARC
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| 100 | 1 | |a Markel, Matt. | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Radar for Fully Autonomous Driving. |
| 264 | 1 | |a Norwood : |b Artech House, |c 2022. | |
| 264 | 4 | |c ©2022. | |
| 300 | |a 1 online resource (339 pages) | ||
| 336 | |a text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |a computer |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
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| 505 | 0 | |a Intro -- Radar for Fully Autonomous Driving -- Contents -- Part I: Radar Technologies for Autonomous Vehicles -- Chapter 1 Modern Radar Sensors in Advanced Automotive Architectures -- 1.1 Inspiration for More Advanced Systems -- 1.1.1 Traffic Density and Fatal Accident Rate -- 1.1.2 Human Factor -- 1.1.3 Autonomous Driving Levels -- 1.2 The Evolving Automotive Radar Landscape -- 1.3 Fast Chirp Sequence Radar Sensing -- 1.4 RFCMOS Car Radar Transceiver -- 1.5 Elements of a Radar Module -- 1.6 Angular Resolution Increase: MIMO Example and Cascaded Application -- 1.7 Vehicle Network and Compute Considerations -- 1.7.1 Vehicle Network Architecture Evolution -- 1.7.2 Distributed Versus Centralized Processing -- 1.7.3 Conclusion -- 1.8 Summary -- 1.9 Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 2 Design Considerations for Automotive Radar -- 2.1 Radar Requirements -- 2.2 The Spectrum for Automotive Radar -- 2.3 Range (Distance) Required for Automotive Radar -- 2.4 Automotive Radar Installation -- 2.5 Automotive Radar Considerations for Scanning the FOV -- 2.6 Frequency Modulation Waveforms and the Radar Data Cube -- 2.7 Outputs from Automotive Radar -- References -- Chapter 3 Digital Code Modulation -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 FCM Versus DCM Architecture -- 3.3 Basics of DCM Radar -- 3.3.1 Range Processing -- 3.3.2 Velocity Processing -- 3.3.3 Angle Processing -- 3.4 DCM Radar Attributes -- 3.4.1 High Contrast Distance: Matched Filter -- 3.4.2 High Contrast Resolution -- 3.4.3 CDM MIMO (Higher Power on Target) -- 3.4.4 Interference Robustness and Interference Mitigation -- 3.4.5 Cascading: Coherent and Quasi-coherent Sensors and Networks -- 3.4.6 Code Design -- 3.5 DCM Radar Implementation -- References -- Chapter 4 Automotive MIMO Radar -- 4.1 Virtual Array Synthesis via MIMO Radar -- 4.2 Waveform Orthogonality Strategies in Automotive MIMO Radar. | |
| 505 | 8 | |a 4.2.1 Waveform Orthogonality via TDM -- 4.2.2 Waveform Orthogonality via DDM -- 4.2.3 Waveform Orthogonality via FDM -- 4.3 Angle Finding in Automotive MIMO Radar -- 4.3.1 High Resolution Angle Finding with ULA -- 4.3.2 High Resolution Angle Finding with SLA -- 4.4 High Resolution Imaging Radar for Autonomous Driving -- 4.4.1 Cascade of Multiple Radar Transceivers -- 4.4.2 Examples of Cascaded Imaging Radars -- 4.4.3 Design Challenges of Imaging Radar -- 4.5 Challenges in Automotive MIMO Radar -- 4.5.1 Angle Finding in the Presence of Multipath Reflections -- 4.5.2 Waveform Orthogonality in Automotive MIMO Radar -- 4.5.3 Efficient, High Resolution Angle Finding Algorithms Are Needed -- References -- Chapter 5 Synthetic Aperture Radar for Automotive Applications -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.1.1 Historical Background -- 5.1.2 Comparison to Traditional Radar Systems -- 5.1.3 SAR and Point Cloud Imaging Performance -- 5.1.4 Applications for Automotive Use -- 5.2 Mathematical Foundation -- 5.2.1 Key Assumptions -- 5.2.2 Signal Model -- 5.2.3 Slow Time -- 5.3 Building an Automotive SAR -- 5.3.1 Measuring Ego-Motion -- 5.3.2 SAR Image Formation -- 5.3.3 Coexistence with Point Cloud Pipeline -- 5.3.4 Elevation Information -- 5.4 Future Directions -- 5.4.1 Forward-Facing SAR -- 5.4.2 SAR for Moving Objects -- 5.4.3 Gapped SAR -- 5.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6 Radar Transceiver Technologies -- 6.1 Background and Introduction to Automotive Radar -- 6.2 Block Diagram Overview of an FMCW Radar Transceiver -- 6.3 Challenges with Deeply Scaled CMOS -- 6.4 Active Devices in CMOS -- 6.5 Passives in CMOS -- 6.6 Circuit Architectures Suitable for Advanced CMOS -- 6.6.1 The Transmit Power Amplifier -- 6.6.2 The TX Phase Shifter -- 6.7 The LO/FMCW Chirp Generator -- 6.8 The Receiver Signal Chain -- 6.8.1 RX Frontend -- 6.8.2 Radar RX Baseband -- 6.9 Summary. | |
| 504 | |a References -- Part 2: Challenges and Solutions for the Automotive Environment -- Chapter 7 Radar Challenges from the Automotive Scene -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.1.1 Range Swath -- 7.1.2 Imaging Dense Clutter -- 7.1.3 Simultaneous Transmit and Receive -- 7.2 Scene Dynamic Range -- 7.3 Ground Bounce (Unresolved Reflections) -- 7.4 Multipath (Resolved Reflections) -- References -- Chapter 8 Radar Interference -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Motivation and Definitions -- 8.3 Impacts and Manifestation -- 8.3.1 LFM/FMCW -- 8.3.2 PMCW Radar and Mixed Waveforms -- 8.4 RFI Mitigations -- 8.4.1 Mitigations Local to the Radar -- 8.4.2 Global Mitigations: Noncooperative Countermeasures -- 8.4.3 Global Mitigations: Cooperative Countermeasures -- 8.4.4 Global Mitigations: Regulations -- 8.5 Recommendations for the Future -- 8.5.1 Use Less Energy and Power -- 8.5.2 Report Confidence -- 8.5.3 Create a Useful Taxonomy for RFI Mitigation -- References -- Chapter 9 The Impacts of Water (Weather) on Automotive Radar -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 System Losses -- 9.2.1 Transmission Loss -- 9.2.2 Target Loss -- 9.2.3 Radome Loss -- 9.3 Array Performance -- 9.4 Backscattering Phenomenology -- 9.4.1 Rainfall Backscatter -- 9.4.2 Road Spray -- 9.5 Potential Mitigations -- References -- Part 3: Integration and System Considerations -- Chapter 10 Safety Considerations for Radar in Fully Autonomous Vehicles -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 What Is Safety? -- 10.3 Safety Standards -- 10.3.1 ISO 26262 and ISO 21448 -- 10.3.2 Relationship to Existing Standards and Processes -- 10.4 Lessons from Industry -- 10.4.1 Emphasize Understanding over Following Checklists -- 10.4.2 Embrace Systems Engineering -- 10.4.3 Address Safety in the Most Appropriate Place -- 10.4.4 Improve Supplier/Customer Engagement -- 10.4.5 Recognize the Criticality of a High Quality Safety Manual. | ||
| 505 | 8 | |a 10.4.6 Beware the Many Pitfalls of Safety Analysis -- 10.4.7 Applying Safety to Emerging or Complex Technologies -- 10.5 Safety Concepts for Level 4 ADS and Implications for Radar -- 10.5.1 Safety Considerations on Multiple Sensor Modalities -- 10.5.2 Safety Considerations on Radar Data -- 10.5.3 Radar FuSa and SOTIF Roots Causes and Mitigations -- 10.5.4 Safety Considerations Due to Available Radar Technology -- 10.6 Safety Considerations for Verification and Validation -- 10.7 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11 Testing Automotive Radars -- 11.1 Introduction: Why Is Testing Necessary? -- 11.1.1 Verification and Validation of System Performance -- 11.1.2 Conformance to Legal Regulations and Industrial Standards -- 11.1.3 Safety Performance Assessment -- 11.2 Measurable Parameters: From Sensor Level to Vehicle Integration -- 11.2.1 Transmitter Tests -- 11.2.2 Receiver Test -- 11.2.3 Antenna and Radome Test -- 11.2.4 Performance and Functional Tests -- 11.2.5 Integration Testing -- 11.3 Test Equipment -- 11.3.1 General Test Equipment -- 11.3.2 Radar Echo Generators -- 11.3.3 Measurement Antennas -- 11.3.4 Anochic Chambers -- 11.3.5 Positioners -- 11.4 Example Test Setups -- 11.4.1 Transmitter Test Setup -- 11.4.2 Setup for Sensor Calibration and Performance Tests -- 11.4.3 Setups for EMC and OOB Testing -- 11.4.4 Simulating Interference from Other Automotive Radar Transmitters -- 11.4.5 Exemplary Test Scenario -- 11.4.6 ADAS Integration Test Bed -- 11.4.7 ViL Test -- References -- List of Acronyms -- About the Editor -- About the Authors. | |
| 588 | |a Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources. | ||
| 520 | |a This is the first book to bring together the increasingly complex radar automotive technologies and tools being explored and utilized in the development of fully autonomous vehicles- technologies and tools now understood to be essential for the field to fully mature. You'll get a big-picture tour of the key radar needs for fully autonomous vehicles, and how achieving these needs is complicated by the automotive environment's dense scenes, number of possible targets of interest, and mix of very large and very small returns. You'll then be shown the challenges from and mitigations to radio frequency interference, an ever-increasing challenge as the number of vehicles with radars-and radars per vehicle-grow. | ||
| 504 | |a Includes bibliographical references and index. | ||
| 590 | |a ProQuest Ebook Central |b Ebook Central Academic Complete | ||
| 590 | |a Knovel |b ACADEMIC - Aerospace & Radar Technology | ||
| 590 | |a Knovel |b ACADEMIC - Electronics & Semiconductors | ||
| 590 | |a Knovel |b ACADEMIC - Transportation Engineering | ||
| 650 | 0 | |a Automated vehicles. | |
| 650 | 0 | |a Radar. | |
| 650 | 6 | |a Véhicules autonomes. | |
| 650 | 6 | |a Radar. | |
| 650 | 7 | |a radar. |2 aat | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Automated vehicles |2 fast | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Radar |2 fast | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Markel, Matt, |e editor. | |
| 776 | 0 | 8 | |i Print version: |a Markel, Matt |t Radar for Fully Autonomous Driving |d Norwood : Artech House,c2022 |z 9781630818968 |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://ebookcentral.uam.elogim.com/lib/uam-ebooks/detail.action?docID=6965415 |z Texto completo |
| 938 | |a ProQuest Ebook Central |b EBLB |n EBL6965415 | ||
| 994 | |a 92 |b IZTAP | ||