Reducing Particulate Emissions in Gasoline Engines

Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:Libro Electrónico
Autor principal: Thorsten Boger (author), Willard Cutler (author)
Formato: eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: SAE International 2018.
Temas:
Combustion gases > Environmental aspects.
Spark ignition engines > Fluid dynamics.
Gaz de combustion > Aspect de l'environnement.
Combustion gases > Environmental aspects
Spark ignition engines > Fluid dynamics
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Cover
  • Table of Contents
  • SECTION 1 Introduction to Particulate Emissions
  • CHAPTER 1 Gasoline Engine Particulate Emissions Introduction
  • References
  • About the Authors
  • CHAPTER 2 Health Impact of Particulates from Gasoline Engines
  • 2.1 Air Pollution: A Brief Historical Survey
  • 2.2 Interactions of Inhaled Air Pollutants with the Respiratory System
  • 2.2.1 The Journey of an Inhaled Particle: Macro- and Microscopic Structure of the Respiratory System
  • 2.2.2 Clearance Mechanisms
  • 2.2.3 Mechanisms Underlying the Adverse Health Effects
  • 2.3 Hazard and Risk Identification of Gasoline Exhaust
  • 2.3.1 Epidemiological Findings
  • 2.3.2 Findings from In Vivo Studies
  • 2.3.3 Findings from Ex Vivo and In Vitro Studies
  • 2.4 Conclusions and Future Recommendations
  • Acknowledgments
  • Glossary
  • References
  • About the Authors
  • CHAPTER 3 Regulations and Environmental Technologies
  • 3.1 Why the Emphasis on Particulates from Modern Gasoline Engines?
  • 3.1.1 Health Risks
  • 3.1.2 Global Warming Considerations
  • 3.1.3 Secondary Organic Aerosols (SOA)
  • 3.2 Regulations on Vehicular Exhaust Particulate Emissions
  • 3.2.1 United States and California
  • 3.2.2 Europe
  • 3.2.3 Test Procedures
  • 3.2.4 China
  • 3.2.5 India
  • 3.3 Technology Pathways
  • 3.3.1 In-Cylinder Methods
  • 3.3.2 Fuel Considerations
  • 3.3.3 Aftertreatment System
  • 3.4 Summary
  • References
  • About the Author
  • SECTION 2 Fundamentals of Particulate Emissions
  • CHAPTER 4 Soot Formation in Combustion
  • 4.1 Combustion-Generated Particles
  • 4.1.1 Organic Fraction
  • 4.1.2 Sulfate Fraction
  • 4.1.3 Nitrate Fraction
  • 4.1.4 Carbonaceous Fraction
  • 4.1.5 Ash Fraction
  • 4.2 Soot Formation
  • 4.3 Influencing Factors on Soot Formation in Gasoline Engines
  • 4.3.1 Inhomogeneity
  • 4.3.2 Tip Sooting
  • 4.4 Soot Formation in Different Operating Points
  • 4.4.1 Higher Specific Loads and Low Engine Speeds
  • 4.4.2 Engine in Transient Operation Points
  • References
  • About the Authors
  • CHAPTER 5 Fuel Impact on Particle Formation
  • References
  • About the Author
  • SECTION 3 Particulate Emission Reduction Technologies
  • CHAPTER 6 Advanced Gasoline Combustion and Engine Controls
  • 6.1 Gasoline Direct Injection
  • 6.1.1 PN Formation Mechanisms
  • 6.1.2 Operating Conditions
  • 6.1.3 Engine Calibration
  • 6.1.4 Summary Formation Mechanism
  • References
  • About the Authors
  • CHAPTER 7 Gasoline Particulate Filter Design, Fundamentals, and Function
  • 7.1 Introduction
  • 7.2 Aftertreatment Architectures Using GPF
  • 7.3 General Filter Design and Application Requirements
  • 7.4 Filter Design Fundamentals and Considerations
  • 7.4.1 Material Selection
  • 7.4.2 Filtration
  • 7.4.3 Pressure Drop
  • 7.4.4 Catalyst Functionality
  • 7.4.5 Mechanical Robustness and Packaging
  • 7.5 Application Fundamentals
  • 7.5.1 Filtration over Different Emission Cycles

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