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Going viral : COVID-19 and the accelerated transformation of jobs in Latin America and the Caribbean /
Following the so-called "Golden Decade" (2003-2013) of rapid development and strong improvements in social indicators, economic growth has stalled in Latin America and the Caribbean region (LAC). Today, the external environment no longer provides tailwinds to foster an economic rebound. Fo...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Autores principales: | , , , , |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Washington, DC :
World Bank Group,
[2020]
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| Colección: | World Bank Latin American and Caribbean studies.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Front Cover
- Contents
- Foreword
- Acknowledgments
- About the Authors
- Abbreviations
- Introduction
- Analyzing structural transformation
- Implications for economic policy
- Notes
- References
- 1 What is structural transformation?
- What drives structural transformation?
- Conclusions
- Notes
- References
- 2 Productivity in the LAC region: A sectoral view
- Productivity in agriculture
- Productivity in industry and services
- Taking stock: The scope for raising allocative efficiency and the expected pace of structural change
- Conclusions and policy implications
- Notes
- References
- 3 Economic transformation, skills, and the future of work
- The labor market is already changing
- From production to services
- From skill-biased technological change to routine-biased technological change
- Labor market polarization in the developing world: Is it coming?
- Labor market polarization in the developing world: The evidence
- The changing demand for skills in the LAC region
- Conclusions
- Looking into the future: Automation, tasks, and skills
- Looking into the future: Digital platforms and the nature of work
- Conclusions and policy implications
- Notes
- References
- 4 Conclusions
- Structural transformation: Past and future
- Looking forward
- References
- Boxes
- Box 1.1 Measuring structural transformation
- Box 2.1 Does technological change benefit small and large farms equally? Evidence from Mexico
- Box 3.1 What are workers doing?
- Box 3.2 When automation creates jobs
- Figures
- Figure 1.1 Structural transformation by sector, selected LAC countries and rest of world
- Figure 1.2 Patterns of industrialization across LAC and high-income countries
- Figure 1.3 Value-added and employment shares by sector: Selected LAC countries, 1950-2010.
- Figure 1.4 Absolute total level of employment by sector: Selected LAC countries, 1950-2010
- Figure 1.5 Premature deindustrialization: LAC region (average), 1950-2010
- Figure 1.6 Relative prices and real consumption per capita: LAC region (average), 1950-2010
- Figure 1.7 Labor allocation in manufacturing: Selected LAC countries, 1950-2010
- Figure 2.1 Output per worker by sector in LAC region relative to that of United States: Selected countries, 2010
- Figure 2.2 Agricultural output and TFP growth: LAC region, 1981-2014
- Figure 2.3 Correlation between output growth and TFP growth: LAC countries, 2001-14
- Figure 2.4 Growth decomposition: Latin America by region and United States, 2005-14
- Figure 2.5 Relationship between value added and employment in agriculture: Selected LAC countries, 2017
- Figure 2.6 Sources of agricultural productivity growth
- Figure 2.7 Histogram of metatechnical efficiency, Peru, by region
- Figure 2.8 Effectiveness of growth in different sectors at reducing poverty
- Figure 2.9 Labor productivity growth in industrial and services sectors: Latin America and United States, 1950-2010
- Figure 2.10 Labor productivity in services sector relative to industrial sector: Latin America and United States, 1950-2010
- Figure 2.11 Services Trade Restrictions Index, selected LAC countries
- Figure 2.12 Logistics Performance Index and its components: 16 LAC countries, relative to best performer
- Figure 3.1 Development of goods and service occupations, LAC and rest of world
- Figure 3.2 Evolution of task content of jobs (mean change): 11 LAC countries, 2000-2014
- Figure 3.3 Evolution of task content of jobs in industrial sector: 11 LAC countries, 2000-2014
- Figure 3.4 Decomposition of task content in industrial sector: 11 LAC countries, 2000-2014.
- Figure 3.5 Evolution of task content of jobs in services sector: 11 LAC countries, 2000-2014
- Figure 3.6 Distribution of automatability across methodologies, Chile
- Figure 3.7 Distribution of automatability across methodologies, Colombia
- Figure 3.8 Distribution of automatability across methodologies, Bolivia
- Figure 3.9 Risk of automation by LAC country, based on four methodologies
- Figure 3.10 Automation risk by selected characteristics, LAC region
- Tables
- Table 2.1 Misallocation in manufacturing, selected developing and developed countries
- Table 3.1 Reallocation of occupations within sectors over development process.