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|a 363.7394
|2 23
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|a UAMI
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| 245 |
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|a Pharmaceutical residues in freshwater :
|b hazards and policy responses.
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| 264 |
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1 |
|a London :
|b IWA Publishing,
|c 2020.
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| 300 |
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|a 1 online resource
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| 336 |
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|a text
|b txt
|2 rdacontent
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| 337 |
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|a computer
|b c
|2 rdamedia
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|a online resource
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|a OECD studies on water
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|a Online resource; title from PDF title page (EBSCO, viewed December 9, 2020).
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|a Cover -- Copyright -- Table of contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Abbreviations -- Executive Summary -- Advances in monitoring can help close the knowledge gap and support policy responses -- Moving towards proactive policy action to curb pharmaceutical pollution -- OECD Policy Recommendations on addressing pharmaceutical residues in freshwater -- Cross-cutting recommendations -- Source-directed recommendations. Pharmaceutical life cycle stages: design, marketing authorisation, manufacturing, post-authorisation
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|a Use-orientated recommendations. Pharmaceutical life cycle stages: Prescription and use -- End-of-pipe recommendations. Pharmaceutical life cycle stages: collection and disposal, and wastewater treatment and reuse -- 1. Defining the challenge of managing pharmaceuticals in water -- 1.1. Key messages -- 1.2. Introduction -- 1.3. Origins, entry-pathways, sinks and concentration patterns of pharmaceuticals in the environment -- 1.4. Effects of pharmaceuticals in the environment on human and freshwater ecosystem health -- References -- Notes
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|a 2. Opportunities to build a policy-relevant knowledge base -- 2.1. Key messages -- 2.2. Environmental risk assessment and authorisation of pharmaceuticals -- 2.3. Existing frameworks for monitoring pharmaceuticals in water -- 2.4. Advances in water quality monitoring and potential benefits for risk assessments and water quality policy making -- 2.5. The added value of system modelling -- References -- Notes -- 3. Emerging policy instruments for the control of pharmaceuticals in water -- 3.1. Key messages -- 3.2. Introduction -- 3.3. Source-directed approaches -- 3.4. Use-orientated approaches
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|a 3.5. End-of-pipe measures -- References -- 4. Recommendations for the management of pharmaceuticals in freshwater -- 4.1. Key messages: A life cycle, multi-sector approach to managing pharmaceutical residues in freshwater -- 4.2. A policy toolbox for a life cycle, multi-sector approach -- 4.3. The interlinkages between freshwater, pharmaceutical, and human and animal health policies -- 4.4. A life cycle, multi-sector approach: Experience from selected OECD countries -- References -- Notes -- Glossary
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| 520 |
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|b This report calls for a better understanding of the effects of pharmaceutical residues in the environment, greater international collaboration and accountability distribution, and policy actions to prevent and remedy emerging concerns. Laboratory and field tests show traces of oral contraceptives causing the feminisation of fish and amphibians, and residues of psychiatric drugs altering fish behaviour. Antimicrobial resistance, linked to the overuse of antibiotics, has rapidly escalated into a global health crisis. Unless adequate measures are taken to manage the risks, pharmaceutical residues will increasingly be released into the environment as ageing populations, advances in healthcare, and intensification of meat and fish production spur the demand for pharmaceuticals worldwide. The report outlines a collective, life?cycle approach to managing pharmaceuticals in the environment. A policy mix of source?directed, use?orientated and end?of?pipe measures, involving several policy sectors, can help to improve health and protect the environment.
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| 590 |
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|a ProQuest Ebook Central
|b Ebook Central Academic Complete
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| 650 |
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|a Water
|x Pollution.
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| 650 |
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|a Water
|x Pollution
|x Government policy.
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| 650 |
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|a Drugs
|x Environmental aspects.
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| 650 |
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|a Freshwater ecology.
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| 650 |
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|a Water
|x Pollution
|x Toxicology.
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| 650 |
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|a Aquatic organisms
|x Effect of water pollution on.
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| 650 |
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6 |
|a Médicaments
|x Aspect de l'environnement.
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| 650 |
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6 |
|a Écologie d'eau douce.
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| 650 |
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|a Organismes aquatiques
|x Effets de la pollution de l'eau sur.
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| 650 |
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|a Water supply & treatment.
|2 bicssc
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| 650 |
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7 |
|a Aquatic organisms
|x Effect of water pollution on
|2 fast
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| 650 |
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|a Freshwater ecology
|2 fast
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| 650 |
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7 |
|a Water
|x Pollution
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| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Water
|x Pollution
|x Government policy
|2 fast
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| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Water
|x Pollution
|x Toxicology
|2 fast
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| 650 |
|
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|a Water supply & treatment.
|2 thema
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| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Environment and Ecology.
|2 ukslc
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| 776 |
0 |
8 |
|i Print version:
|t Pharmaceutical residues in freshwater.
|d London : IWA Publishing, 2020
|z 1789061814
|z 9781789061819
|w (OCoLC)1158489476
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| 830 |
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|a OECD studies on water.
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|u https://ebookcentral.uam.elogim.com/lib/uam-ebooks/detail.action?docID=6265126
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