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Tabla de Contenidos:
  • CLIMATE CHANGE MEASURES AND TRADE CONSIDERATIONS ; CONTENTS ; PREFACE ; CLIMATE CHANGE: EXPERT OPINION ON THE ECONOMICS OF POLICY OPTIONS TO ADDRESS CLIMATE CHANGE* ; WHY GAO OBTAINED EXPERTS' OPINIONS ; WHAT THE EXPERTS SAID ; ABREVIATIONS ; RESULTS IN BRIEF ; BACKGROUND ; Mitigating Greenhouse Gas Emissions ; Adaptation Policies to Reduce Vulnerability to Climate Change ; Estimating the Potential Benefits and Costs of Actions to Address Climate Change ; Climate Change Policies Currently under Consideration by the Congress.
  • DESPITE SOME UNCERTAINTY REGARDING THE POTENTIAL ECONOMIC IMPACT, ALL OF THE PANELISTS SUPPORTED ESTABLISHING A PRICE ON GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS All of the Panelists Agreed That the Congress Should Consider Establishing a Price on Greenhouse Gas Emissions, and the Majority Recommended Complementary Policies ; Panelists Described the Potential Benefits and Costs of Actions to Address Climate Change ; Panelists Rated Estimates of Costs of Actions to Address Climate Change as More Useful than Estimates of Benefits, Citing Uncertainties Associated with Future Impacts.
  • The Majority of Panelists Said That the United States Should Begin to Control Emissions Soon, Regardless of International Participation THE PANELISTS' VIEWS ON THE STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS OF POLICY OPTIONS FOCUSED PRIMARILY ON THE ENVIRONMENTAL CERTAINTY OF A CAP-AND-TRADE SYSTEM VERSUS THE EFFICIENCY OF A TAX ON EMISSIONS ; Panelists Rated the Importance of Criteria for Evaluating Policy Options ; The Most Important Tradeoffs are between the Relative Effectiveness of Cap-and-Trade Systems and the Relative Efficiency of Taxes.
  • The Panelists Viewed Other Policy Options Less Favorably but Cited Their Potential as a Complement to a Market-Based Mechanism APPENDIX I. SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY ; APPENDIX II. SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF PANELISTS' PREFERRED POLICY OPTIONS FOR ADDRESSING CLIMATE CHANGE ; APPENDIX III: SELECTED QUESTIONS AND EXPERT RESPONSES ; APPENDIX IV. PANEL OF EXPERTS ; APPENDIX V. BIBLIOGRAPHY OF SELECTED LITERATURE REVIEWED BY GAO ; END NOTES ; CLIMATE CHANGE LEGISLATION: INTERNATIONAL TRADE CONSIDERATIONS ; UNDERSTANDING COMPETITIVENESS CONCERNS ; POLICY OPTIONS ; Exclusion from Coverage.
  • Compensation for the Costs of GHG Regulation Transition Assistance ; Border Adjustment Measures ; International Sectoral Agreements ; RECOMMENDATIONS ; End Notes ; CLIMATE CHANGE LEGISLATION: INTERNATIONAL TRADE CONSIDERATIONS ; SUMMARY TESTIMONY OF GARY N. HORLICK BEFORE THE UNITED STATES SENATE COMMITTEE ON FINANCE ; CLIMATE CHANGE TRADE MEASURES: ESTIMATING INDUSTRY EFFECTS ; SUMMARY ; BACKGROUND ; ESTIMATING COMPETITIVENESS EFFECTS ; POTENTIALLY VULNERABLE INDUSTRIES ; End Notes ; CLIMATE CHANGE TRADE MEASURES: CONSIDERATIONS FOR U.S. POLICY MAKERS ; WHY GAO DID THIS STUDY.