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Modular electricity storage : benefits and costs /
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Otros Autores: | , |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
New York :
Nova Science Publishers, Inc.,
[2012]
|
| Colección: | Energy science, engineering and technology series.
Electrical engineering developments series. |
| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- MODULAR ELECTRICITY STORAGE: BENEFITS AND COSTS ; MODULAR ELECTRICITY STORAGE: BENEFITS AND COSTS ; Contents; Preface; Electric Utility Transmission and Distribution Upgrade Deferral Benefits from Modular Electricity Storage*; Notice; Abstract; Acknowledgment; Acronyms and Abbreviations; Executive Summary; 1. Introduction; Modular Electricity Storage for T & D Deferral, an Example; Utility Revenue Requirement for T & D Equipment; Capital Plant Carrying Charges; Expenses; Annual Revenue Requirement; T & D Avoided Cost; Single-Year Deferral Benefit; Multi-Year Deferral Benefit; MES Transportability.
- T & D Upgrade Marginal Cost2. T & D Deferral Financial Benefit; Introduction; Annual Deferral Benefit for MES; Multi-Year Deferral Benefit for MES; Diminishing Benefit for Multi-Year Deferrals; MES Redeployment; T & D Equipment Residual Value; T & D Annual Cost Among U.S. Electric Utilities; FERC Form 1 Data: Oak Ridge National Laboratories Report; Rate Assistance Program Report; Utility T & D Deferral Cost Variability; The Range of T & D Deferral Benefits; EPRI/PG & E Distributed Utility Penetration Study (DUPS); 3. Deployment Situations for T Deferral Applications Introduction.
- Decision Criteria SummaryHigh T & D Upgrade Cost; High Peak-to-Average Demand Ratio; Modest Projected Overload; Slow Load Growth; Uncertainty About Block Load Additions; Uncertainty About T & D Construction Delays; Distribution Budget Optimization; Benefits Aggregation for Attractive Value Propositions; 4. Storage Characteristics for T Deferral Introduction; Required Characteristics; Reliability; Power Quality; Wave Form; High Power Factor; Frequency Stability; Harmonics; Ramp Rate; Charge Rate; Other Notable Characteristics; Roundtrip Efficiency; Operation and Maintenance Needs and Cost.
- Emergency or Short Duration Power CapabilityLifetime Charge-Discharge Cycles; Standby Losses; Energy and Power Density; Plant Footprint and Volume; Modularity; Transportability; Easily Deployable ("Plug and Play"); 5. Storage Sizing for T & D Deferral; Storage Power Output Requirements; Storage Discharge Duration Requirements; Diesel Generation for Storage Backup; 6. Generalizing the Range of the T Deferral Benefit; 7. Complementary Uses and Benefits; Introduction to Complementary Uses; Complementary Uses: General Considerations; Peak Demand Frequency; Power Rating; Stored Energy Limitation.
- MES Reliability"Perfect" MES Capacity; Incremental Benefit/Cost Considerations; Myriad Institutional Challenges; Reactive Power Capability; Complementary Uses; Electric Energy Time-shift; Electric Supply Capacity; Electric Supply Reserve Capacity; Reduce Transmission Congestion; Transmission Support and Stability; Power Factor Correction; Voltage Support; On-Site Power Quality; Electricity Service Reliability; Retail Time-of-Use Energy Cost Reduction; Renewables Generation Firming; Renewable Energy Time-Shift; Demand Management; Seasonal Deployment for Locational Benefits.