Road traffic : safety, modeling & impacts /

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:Libro Electrónico
Otros Autores: Paterson, Sophie E., Allan, Lucy K.
Formato: Electrónico eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: New York : Nova Science Publishers, c2009.
Temas:
Traffic engineering > Developing countries.
Traffic engineering > Social aspects > Developing countries.
Traffic safety > Developing countries.
Traffic accidents > Developing countries.
BUSINESS & ECONOMICS > Industries > Transportation.
TRANSPORTATION > Public Transportation.
Traffic accidents
Traffic engineering
Traffic engineering > Social aspects
Traffic safety
Developing countries
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Intro
  • ROAD TRAFFIC: SAFETY, MODELING AND IMPACTS
  • ROAD TRAFFIC: SAFETY, MODELING AND IMPACTS
  • CONTENTS
  • PREFACE
  • Expert Commentary DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF CANNABI
  • CONCLUSION
  • REFERENCES
  • Chapter 1 MODELS AND SIMULATION FOR TRAFFIC JAM AND SIGNAL CONTROL
  • ABSTRACT
  • 1. INTRODUCTION
  • 2. MODELS OF VEHICULAR TRAFFIC
  • 2.1. Microscopic Car-following Models
  • 2.2. Cellular Automata (CA)
  • 2.3. Gas-kinetic Models
  • 2.4. Macroscopic Traffic Models
  • 3. FUNDAMENTAL DIAGRAM AND CHARACTERISTICS
  • 3.1. Fundamental Diagram
  • 3.2. Linear Stability
  • 3.3. Multi-Phase Model
  • 4. TRAFFIC JAMS INDUCED BY SLOWDOWN SECTIONS
  • 4.1. Jams at a Slowdown Section
  • 4.2. Jams in Three-phase Model
  • 4.3. Jams on a Highway with Some Slowdown Sections
  • 5. TRAFFIC FLOW ON MULTI-LANE HIGHWAY
  • 5.1. Traffic States Induced by Slowdown Sections on a Two-lane Highway
  • 5.2. Traffic Flow of Mixed Vehicles on Multi-lane Highway
  • 6. VEHICULAR TRAFFIC CONTROLLED BY TRAFFIC SIGNALS
  • 6.1. Vehicular Behavior at the Synchronized and Green-wave Strategies
  • 6.2. Split Effect on Vehicular Traffic
  • 6.3. Effect of Irregularity on Vehicular Traffic
  • 7. MAXIMAL FLOW AND CLUSTERING CONTROLLED BY SIGNALS
  • 7.1. Maximal Flow and Pattern at Synchronized Strategy
  • 7.2. Maximal Flow and Pattern at Green-wave Strategy
  • 8. CHAOS INDUCED BY TRAFFIC SIGNAL AND SPEEDUP
  • 8.1. Chaos of a Single Vehicle by Speedup
  • 8.2. Chaos of Two Competing Vehicles Controlled by Traffic Lights
  • 9. SUMMARY
  • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
  • REFERENCES
  • Chapter 2 FORENSIC INVESTIGATION OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS
  • 1. INTRODUCTION
  • 2. TYPES OF MOTOR VEHICLE ACCIDENTS
  • 2.1. Vehicle-vehicle Accident
  • 2.1.1. Front Collision
  • 2.1.2. Side Collisions
  • 2.1.3. Rear Collision
  • 2.1.4. Rollover
  • 2.1.5. Ejection
  • 2.2. Motor Vehicle-Train Accidents.
  • Study III
  • Test Battery
  • Sample
  • Models Tested
  • Results
  • Study IV
  • Measurement of the Predictor Variables
  • Adaptive Matrices Test (AMT/S11)
  • Determination Test (DT/S1)
  • Reaction Test (RT/S3)
  • Tachistoscopic Traffic Perception Test (TAVTMB)
  • Cognitrone (COG/S11)
  • Inventory of Driving-Related Personality Traits (IVPE)
  • Measurement of the Criterion Variable
  • Sample
  • Results
  • Study V
  • Measurement of the Predictor Variables
  • Measurement of the Criterion Variable
  • Sample
  • Results
  • DISCUSSION
  • REFERENCES
  • Chapter 5 SIMULATION OF TRAVELLERS' DYNAMIC RESPONSE TO REAL TIME TRAFFIC INFORMATION
  • ABSTRACT
  • 1. INTRODUCTION
  • 2. TRAVELLER ROUTE CHOICE BEHAVIOUR
  • 2.1. Discrete Choice Modelling
  • 2.2. Traveller's Route Choice Decision Responding to VMS Message
  • 2.3. Travellers' Route Choice Behaviour in Adelaide
  • 3. MICROSCOPIC TRAFFIC SIMULATION
  • 3.1. Microscopic Traffic Simulation
  • 3.2. Adelaide City Council Area Micro-simulation Model
  • 4. VMS ROUTE GUIDANCE APPLICATION
  • 4.1. Dynamic Micro-simulation Framework for VMS Application
  • 4.2. VMS Route Guidance Program
  • 4.2.1. Travel Time Estimation
  • 4.2.2. Information Distribution
  • 4.2.3. Driver's Route Choice Decision
  • 5. PRELIMINARY SIMULATION RESULTS
  • 5.1. Study Site
  • 5.2. Results
  • 6. CONCLUSION
  • ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
  • REFERENCES
  • Chapter 6 NEW TRENDS IN ROAD TRAFFIC SAFETY RESEARCH ON SENIOR DRIVERS
  • ABSTRACT
  • INTRODUCTION: EVOLUTION OF RESEARCH WORK IN AGING AND DRIVING CONTEXT
  • USEFUL VISUAL FIELD AND DRIVING: STATUS REPORT AND EVOLUTION
  • CONCEPT AND EXPERIMENTAL DEVICES
  • SEVERAL FORMS OF DETERIORATION
  • RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDICES RELATED TO VISUAL FIELD AND ROAD SAFETY
  • ROAD ACCIDENTS AND THE RISK OF HAVING AN ACCIDENT
  • USEFUL VISUAL FIELD ASSESSMENT DURING DRIVING
  • FUTURE PERSPECTIVES.
  • METACOGNITION: A KEY FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF DRIVERS' ADAPTIVE STRATEGIES
  • What Kind of Regulation for Elderly Drivers?
  • SOME BASIC NOTIONS OF METACOGNITION
  • METACOGNITION AND DRIVING
  • Accurate Self-Evaluation (Monitoring) â#x80;¦
  • â#x80;¦Allows Optimal Self-Regulation (Control)â#x80;¦
  • â#x80;¦If Well Established!
  • IMPLICATION FOR FUTURE RESEARCH: NEW RETRAINING CURRICULA FOR ELDERLY PEOPLE?
  • CONCLUSION
  • REFERENCES
  • Chapter 7 DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF AN EFFECTIVE SEQUENTIAL APPROACH FOR DYNAMIC ACCIDENT DURATION FORECASTING
  • ABSTRACT
  • 1. INTRODUCTION
  • 2. LITERATURE REVIEW
  • 3. MODEL BUILDING
  • 3.1. Data Analysis
  • 3.1.1. VD Data
  • 3.1.2. Incident Data
  • 3.1.3. Accident Duration Data
  • 3.2. Model Structure
  • 3.3. Model Inputs and Output
  • Accident Characteristics
  • Traffic Data
  • Time Relationship
  • Space Relationship
  • Geometry Characteristics
  • 3.4. Identity Fusion
  • 4. MODEL EVALUATION RESULTS
  • 4.1. Static Forecast
  • 4.2. Semi-dynamic Updated Forecast and Dynamic Updated Forecast
  • SUMMARY
  • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
  • REFERENCES
  • Chapter 8 OPTIMIZATION ALGORITHMS FOR SIGNALIZED ROAD NETWORK DESIGN PROBLEM
  • ABSTRACT
  • 1. INTRODUCTION
  • 2. PROBLEM FORMULATION
  • 2.1. Notation
  • 2.2. User Equilibrium Traffic Assignment
  • 2.3. Parametric Variational Inequality
  • 2.4. Sensitivity Analysis
  • 2.5. Delay-minimizing Problem with Link Capacity Expansions
  • 3. SOLUTION METHOD
  • 3.1. Conjugate Gradient Projections
  • 3.2. A Hybrid Search Heuristic (HSR)
  • 4. NUMERICAL CALCULATIONS
  • 5. CONCLUSIONS AND FURTHER ISSUES
  • ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
  • REFERENCES
  • Chapter 9 SOCIAL COGNITIVE HUMAN FACTORS OF AUTOMOBILE DRIVING
  • ABSTRACT
  • INTRODUCTION
  • ON THE CONCURRENT INFLUENCE OF SOCIAL COGNITION AND HUMAN FACTORS
  • MOTIVATION
  • EXPECTANCIES
  • AGGRESSION
  • SOCIAL FACILITATION
  • ATTITUDES AND PERSUASION.
  • IMPLICIT RACIAL ATTITUDES
  • CONCLUSION
  • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
  • REFERENCES
  • Chapter 10 DRIVER RESPONSES TO SPEED CAMERA ENFORCEMENT
  • ABSTRACT
  • INTRODUCTION
  • METHODS
  • RESULTS
  • Characteristics of the Driver Types
  • Driving Behaviour
  • Knowledge and Perception
  • CONCLUSIONS
  • ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
  • REFERENCES
  • Chapter 11 METHODS AND ANALYSIS OF AVALANCHE RISK ASSESSMENT FOR AVALANCHE-PRONE ROADS: EXAMPLES AND COMPARISONS FOR THE MILFORD ROAD, NEW ZEALAND
  • 1. ABSTRACT
  • 2. INTRODUCTION
  • 3. METHODS OF AVALANCHE RISK ASSESSMENT
  • 3.1. The Avalanche Hazard Index (AHI)
  • 3.2. Probability of Death to an Individual
  • 4. SENSITIVITY OF THE METHODS
  • 4.1. The Avalanche Hazard Index (AHI) Sensitivity
  • 4.2. Probability of Death to an Individual Sensitivity
  • 5. DISCUSSION AND CASE STUDIES
  • 5.1. Avalanche Hazard Index
  • 5.2. Probability of Death to an Individual
  • CONCLUSION
  • ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
  • REFERENCES
  • Chapter 12 DRIVING BEHAVIOR AND COGNITIVE TASK PERFORMANCE OF FATIGUED DRIVERS: EFFECTS OF ROAD ENVIRONMENTS AND THEIR CHANGES
  • ABSTRACT
  • 1. INTRODUCTION
  • 2. METHODS
  • 2.1. Participants
  • 2.2. Apparatus
  • 2.3. Tasks
  • 2.3.1. Driving
  • 2.3.2. Visual Traffic Sign Distance Estimation Task
  • 2.3.3. Arithmetic Task
  • 2.3.4. Psychological Fatigue Rating Task
  • 2.4. Experimental Design and Procedures
  • 2.5. Data Collection
  • Driving Behaviors
  • Arithmetic Task Performance
  • 3. RESULTS
  • 3.1. Fatigue Ratings
  • 3.2. Driving Behavior
  • Steering Wheel Angle Behavior
  • Standard Deviation of Lateral Acceleration
  • 3.3. Arithmetic Task Performance
  • 3.4. Traffic Sign Distance Estimation
  • 4. DISCUSSION
  • 4.1. Effects of Road Environment on Fatigued Drivers' Behavior and Performance
  • 4.2. Effect of Road Environment Switch on Fatigued Drivers' Behavior and Performance
  • ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
  • REFERENCES.

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