Cargando…
Non-Clinical Vascular Infusion Technology, Two Volume Set : Science and Techniques /
"Intravenous infusion is a necessary mode of delivery for many pharmaceuticals currently on the market or undergoing clinical trials. The technique of prolonged intravenous delivery in conscious, free-moving animal models has broadened the opportunity to study and evaluate the safety and effica...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Otros Autores: | , |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Boca Raton, FL :
CRC Press,
2014.
|
| Edición: | First edition. |
| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Cover; Volume I; Half Title; Title Page; Copyright Page; Contents; Foreword; Preface; Acknowledgements; Chapter 1 Body fluid dynamics; Introduction; Composition and units of measurement; Compartmentalisation and distribution; Movement between compartments/exchange; Body fluid homeostasis; Exchange of fluid between plasma and interstitial spaces; Zero balance; Fluid losses; Solute control
- Obligatory urinary water losses; Volume control
- Urinary free water; Fluid intake; Maintenance of body fluid balance; Summary; References; Chapter 2 Physico-chemical factors; Introduction; Osmolality.
- Co-author: Dean HattMeasurement of osmolality; Prediction of osmolality; The true effect of osmolality; Solutions containing solvents; Solutions containing high drug concentrations; Solutions containing glucose; Acid-base balance; Buffering; The bicarbonate-carbonic acid system; Proteins; Phosphates; Acidosis and alkalosis; Viscosity; Surface tension; Diffusion; Summary of infusion forces; References; Chapter 3 Vascular infusion dynamics; Essential physiology; Intravenous delivery rates and volumes; Literature review; Guidance for consideration; References.
- Chapter 4 Formulation considerationsIntroduction; Formulation selection strategy; Study design and species/strain; Dose; Endpoint, frequency, duration, and species; Properties of the compound; Solid form; Lipophilicity; Solubility and pKa; Salts; Stability; Hydrolysis; Oxidation; Photochemical degradation; Strategies for dealing with poor solubility; pH Adjustment; Buffers; Cosolvents; Complexing agents; Surfactants; Mixed micelles; Emulsions systems; Nanosuspensions; Top-down methods; Bottom-up methods; Formulation considerations for nanoparticles; Unwanted formulation effects.
- PharmacokineticsCosolvents; Cyclodextrins; Surfactants; Emulsion systems; Excipient toxicity; Tonicity modifiers; Cosolvents; Surfactants; Cyclodextrins; Strategies for dealing with injection site reactions and haemolysis; pH, buffer strength, osmolality and duration of infusion; Precipitation; Precipitation testing; Precipitation avoidance; Compound irritation; Reduced infusion time; Altering the ionisation state; Emulsions, surfactants and complexing agents; Choice of vein; Haemolysis; Strategies for dealing with poor stability; Removal of water; Additives; Sterility; Conclusion; References.
- Chapter 5 Prestudy analytical assessments: Equipment compatibilityIntroduction; Saline precipitation test; Stability of the formulation with the formulation storage vessel; Compatibility; Choice of material; References; Haemocompatibility; Introduction; Objectives; Methods of assessing haemocompatibility; Static method; Dynamic methods; Dynamic human forearm method; Dal Negro and Cristofori method; Test procedures; Compatibility with plasma; Discussion; Conclusion; References; Annex: Common excipients and vehicles; Index; Volume II; Half Title; Title Page; Copyright Page; Contents; Foreword.