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An Introduction to Molecular Anthropology.
Molecular anthropology uses molecular genetic methods to address questions and issues of anthropological interest. More specifically, molecular anthropology is concerned with genetic evidence concerning human origins, migrations, and population relationships, including related topics such as the rol...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
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| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Somerset :
Wiley,
2016.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- An Introduction to Molecular Anthropology; Contents; Preface; 1 Genes: How They Are Inherited; Blood and ABO Blood Groups; Inheritance of ABO Blood Groups; Inheritance of More Than One Gene: ABO and Rhesus Blood Groups; SEX Chromosomes; Determining How Traits are Inherited: Pedigree Analysis; What is-and isn't-Inherited; Concluding Remarks; 2 What Genes Are, What They Do, and How They Do It; Chromosomes, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids: Figuring Out What Genes Are; The Structure of Genes and What They Do: The Central Dogma and the Flow of Information.
- How Genes Do What They Do: Transcription and TranslationThe Genetic Code; DNA Replication; The Consequences of Mutations; What Causes Mutations?; A Final Cautionary Note; 3 Genes in Populations; What is a Population?; The Concept of "Effective Population Size"; The Sex Ratio and Ne; Inbreeding and Ne; Variation in Population Size Over Time and Ne; Differential Fertility and Ne; Ne For Humans; 4 A Simple Model: Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium; The Gene Pool With No Evolution: The Hardy-Weinberg Principle; Exceptions; A Real-Life Example; Some Practical Uses For Hardy-Weinberg; 5 Evolutionary Forces.
- Non-Random MatingSmall Population Size; Small Populations: Random Fluctuations in Allele Frequencies; Small Population Size: Loss of Genetic Variation; Small Population Size: Increase in Inbreeding; Example of Small Population Size: Tristan da Cunha; Mutation; Equilibrium between Genetic Drift and Mutation; Rate of Neutral Evolution; Migration; Migration and Genetic Drift; Wahlunds Effect; Selection; Mutation-Selection Balance; Balancing Selection; Disruptive Selection; Selection: Summary; Evolutionary Forces: Summary; 6 Molecular Evolution.
- Functionally Less Important Molecules (or Parts of Molecules) Evolve Faster Than More Important OnesConservative Substitutions Occur More Frequently Than Disruptive Ones; The Rate of Molecular Evolution is Approximately Constant; Contrasting Phenotypic and Molecular Evolution; How Do New Gene Functions Arise?; Gene Regulation and Phenotypic Evolution; 7 Genetic Markers; Classical Markers: Immunogenetic Markers; Classical Markers: Biochemical Polymorphisms; The First DNA Markers: Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms; Polymerase Chain Reaction; DNA Sequencing: The Sanger Method.
- Next-Generation SequencingTargeting Single DNA Bases: SNPs; Variation In Length; Interspersed Repeats; Tandem Repeats: Minisatellites; Tandem Repeats: Microsatellites; Tandem Repeats: Copy Number Variants; Other Structural Variation; Concluding Remarks; 8 Sampling Populations and Individuals; Sampling Populations: General Issues; Sampling Populations: Ethical Issues; Archival Samples; 9 Sampling DNA Regions; Mitochondrial DNA; Y CHROMOSOMAL DNA; AUTOSOMAL DNA; X CHROMOSOME DNA; Public Databases; 10 Analysis of Genetic Data from Populations; Genetic Diversity Within Populations.