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Applied Impact Mechanics.

Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:	Libro Electrónico
Autor principal:	Lakshmana Rao, C.
Otros Autores:	Narayanamurthy, V., Simha, K. R. Y.
Formato:	Electrónico eBook
Idioma:	Inglés
Publicado:	Newark : Wiley, 2016.
Colección:	Ane/Athena Books.
Temas:	Mechatronics. Mécatronique. SCIENCE > Mechanics > General. Mechatronics
Acceso en línea:	Texto completo

Tabla de Contenidos:

Preface v List of Figures xv List of Tables xix List of Symbols xxi Chapter 1: Introduction 1-18 1.1 General Introduction to Engineering Mechanics 2 1.2 General Introduction to Fracture Mechanics 3 1.3 Impact Mechanics
Appreciating Impact Problems in Engineering 5 1.4 Historical Background 8 1.5 Percussion, Concussion, Collision and Explosion 10 1.6 Summary 11 Bibliography 12 Chapter 2: Rigid Body Impact Mechanics 19-34 2.1 Introduction 19 2.2 Impulse
Momentum Equations 21 2.3 Coefficient of Restitution
Classical Definitions 21 2.3.1 Kinematic Coefficient of Restitution 22 2.3.2 Measurement of Coefficient of Restitution 22 2.3.3 Relative Assessment of Various Impacts in Sports 23 2.4 Coefficient of Restitution
Alternate Definition 24 2.4.1 Kinetic Coefficient of Restitution 24 2.4.1.1 Case Study: Rebound of Colliding Vehicles 25 2.4.2 Energy Coefficient of Restitution 27 2.4.2.1 Application in Vehicle Collisions 28 2.5 Oblique Impact
Role of Friction 29 2.6 Limitations of Rigid Body Impact Mechanics 31 2.7 Summary 31 Exercise Problems 32 Bibliography 34 Chapter 3: One-Dimensional Impact Mechanics of Deformable Bodies 35-54 3.1 Introduction 35 3.2 Single Degree of Freedom Idealization of Impact Process 36 3.2.1 Governing Equations of Single Degree of Freedom (SDOF) System 37 3.2.2 Forced Vibrations due to Exponentially Decaying Loads 38 3.3 1-D Wave Propagation in Solids Induced by Impact 41 3.3.1 Longitudinal Waves in Thin Rods 42 3.3.1.1 The Governing Equation for Waves in Long Rods 42 3.3.1.2 Free Vibrations in a Finite Rod 46 3.3.2 Flexural Waves in Thin Rods 47 3.3.2.1 The Governing Equation for Flexural Waves in Rods 47 3.3.2.2 Free Vibrations of Finite Beams 48 3.3.3 The D'Alembert's Solution for Wave Equation 50 3.4 Summary 51 Exercise Problems 52 Bibliography 54 Chapter 4: Multi-Dimensional Impact Mechanics of Deformable Bodies 55-78 4.1 Introduction 55 4.2 Analysis of Stress 56 4.2.1 Stress Components on an Arbitrary Plane 56 4.2.2 Principal Stresses and Stress Invariants 57 4.2.3 Mohr's Circles 58 4.2.4 Octahedral Stresses 58 4.2.5 Decomposition into Hydrostatic and Pure Shear States 59 4.2.6 Equations of Motion of a Body in Cartesian Coordinates 60 4.2.7 Equations of Motion of a Body in Cylindrical Coordinates 61 4.2.8 Equations of Motion of a Body in Spherical Coordinates 62 4.3 Analysis of Strain 63 4.3.1 Deformation in the Neighborhood of a Point 63 4.3.2 Compatibility Equations 64 4.3.3 Strain Deviator 65 4.4 Linearised Stress-Strain Relations 65 4.4.1 Stress-Strain Relations for Isotropic Materials 66 4.5 Waves in Infinite Medium 67 4.5.1 Longitudinal Waves (Primary/Dilatational/Irrotational Waves) 67 4.5.1.1 Longitudinal Waves 68 4.5.1.2 The Governing Equations for Longitudinal Waves 68 4.5.2 Transverse Waves (Secondary/Shear/Distortional/Rotational Wave) 69 4.5.2.1 Transverse Waves 69 4.5.2.2 The Governing Equations for Transverse Waves 70 4.6 Waves in Semi-Infinite Media 70 4.6.1 Surface Waves 71 4.6.2 Symmetric Rayleigh-Lamb Spectrum in Elastic Layer 74 4.7 Summary 76 Exercise Problems 76 Bibliography 78 Chapter 5: Experimental Impact Mechanics 79-131 5.1 Introduction 80 5.2 Quasi-Static Material Tests 81 5.3 Pendulum Impact Tests 87 5.4 About High Strain Rate Testing of Materials 90 5.5 Split Hopkinson's Pressure Bar Test 91 5.5.1 Historical Background and Significance 91 5.5.2 Improvements in SHPB Test Apparatus 92 5.5.3 Principle of SHPB Test 93 5.5.4 Theory Behind SHPB 95 5.5.5 Design of Pressure Bars for a SHPB Apparatus 97 5.5.6 Applications, Availability and Few Results 100 5.6 Taylor Cylinder Impact Test 103 5.6.1 Methodology 104 5.6.2 Strain Rates 107 5.6.3 Limitations and Improvements 107 5.6.4 Case Study-1: Experiments with a Paraffin Wax 109 5.6.5 Case Study-2: Experiments with Steel Cylinders 109 5.7 Drop Impact Test 110 5.7.1 Drop Specimen Test (DST) 111 5.7.1.1 Few Standards for DST by Free Fall 113 5.7.1.2 Experimental Setup for DST 113 5.7.1.3 DST Procedure 115 5.7.1.4 A Case Study: DST of a helicopter in NASA 116 5.7.2 Drop Weight Test (DWT) 118 5.7.2.1 Experimental Setup for DWT 119 5.7.2.2 Case Study-1: DWT to study fracture process in structural concrete 121 5.7.2.3 Case Study-2: DWT tower for applying both compressive and 124 5.8 Summary 125 Exercise Problems 126 References 127 Chapter 6: Modeling Deformation and Failure Under Impact 133-169 6.1 Introduction 133 6.2 Equation of State 135 6.2.1 Gruneisen Parameter 135 6.2.2 Shock-Hugoniot Curve 136 6.2.3 Rankine-Hugoniot Conditions 137 6.2.4 Mie-Gruneisen (Shock) Equation of State 139 6.2.4.1 Implementation of Mie-Gruneisen Equation of State 141 6.2.5 Murnaghan Equation of State 142 6.2.6 Linear Equation of State 142 6.2.7 Polynomial Equation of State 143 6.2.8 High Explosive Equation of State 143 6.3 Constitutive Models for Material Deformation and Plasticity 144 6.3.1 Plasticity 145 6.3.2 Plastic Isotropic or Kinematic Hardening Material Model 147 6.3.3 Thermo-Elastic-Plastic Material Model 148 6.3.4 Power-Law Isotropic Plasticity Material Model 148 6.3.5 Johnson-Cook Material Model 149 6.3.5.1 Determination of Parameters in Johnson-Cook Model 150 6.3.6 Zerilli-Armstrong Material Model 151 6.3.6.1 Modified Zerilli-Armstrong Material Model 151 6.3.6.2 Determination of Parameters in Zerilli-Armstrong Model 152 6.3.7 Combined Johnson-Cook and Zerilli-Armstrong Material Model 152 6.3.8 Steinberg-Guinan Material Model 153 6.3.9 Barlat's 3 Parameter Plasticity Material Model 153 6.3.10 Orthotropic Material Model 154 6.3.11 Summary of Material Models 154 6.4 Failure/Damage Models 155 6.4.1 Void Growth and Fracture Strain Model 156 6.4.1.1 Void Growth Model 156 6.4.1.2 Fracture Strain Model 157 6.4.2 Johnson-Cook Failure Model 158 6.4.3 Unified Model of Visco-plasticity and Ductile Damage 159 6.4.4 Johnson-Holmquist Concrete Damage Model 160 6.4.4.1 Determination of Parameters in Johnson-Holmquist Model 161 6.4.5 Chang-Chang Composite Damage Model 161 6.4.6 Orthotropic Damage Model 162 6.4.7 Plastic Strain Limit Damage Model 162 6.4.8 Material Stress/Strain Limit Damage Model 162 6.4.9 Implementation of Damage 163 6.4.9.1 Discrete Technique 163 6.4.9.2 Operator Split Technique 163 6.5 Temperature Rise During Impact 164 6.6 Summary 165 Exercise Problems 166 References 167 Chapter 7: Computational Impact Mechanics 171-219 7.1 Introduction 171 7.2 Principles of Numerical Formulations 174 7.2.1 Classical Continuum Methods: Lagrangean, Eulerian and 174 7.2.1.1 Lagrangean Formulation 174 7.2.1.2 Eulerian Formulation 176 7.2.1.3 Arbitrary Lagrangean- Eulerian Coupling (ALE-Formulation) 177 7.2.2 Particle Based Methods 179 7.2.2.1 Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics Method 180 7.2.2.2 Discrete Element Method 183 7.2.3 Meshless Methods 185 & l.

Applied Impact Mechanics.

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