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Forensic Evidence in Court : Evaluation and Scientific Opinion.
The interpretation and evaluation of scientific evidence and its presentation in a court of law is central both to the role of the forensic scientist as an expert witness and to the interests of justice. This book aims to provide a thorough and detailed discussion of the principles and practice of e...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Hoboken :
Wiley,
2016.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Title Page; Table of Contents; Preface; Part 1; 1 An Introduction to the Admissibility of Expert Scientific Opinion; 1.1 Admissibility, Reliability and Scientific Evidence; 1.2 The Impact of the DNA Revolution; 1.3 The Miscarriage of Justice; 1.4 DNA Reveals Wrongful Convictions; 1.5 The Causes of Wrongful Conviction; 1.6 Unreliable Scientific Evidence; 1.7 The Scientist and the Laboratory; 1.8 Conclusions; References; Further Reading; 2 Admissibility from the Legal Perspective; 2.1 Admissibility, Relevance and Reliability of Evidence; 2.2 Admissibility in the United States.
- 2.3 Admissibility in Canada2.4 Admissibility in Australia; 2.5 Admissibility in England and Wales; 2.6 Conclusions on Admissibility; References; Further Reading; 3 Forensic Science and the Law: The Path Forward; 3.1 National and Legal Developments in the United States; 3.2 National and Legal Developments in Canada; 3.3 National and Legal Developments in Australia; 3.4 National and Legal Developments in England and Wales; 3.5 Conclusions; References; Further Reading; 4 Scientific Opinion and the Law in Practice; 4.1 Scientific Opinion and the Judicial System; 4.2 The Scientist in Court.
- 4.3 The Role and Duties of the Scientific Expert Witness4.4 Quality Control of Analysis and Opinion; 4.5 Conclusion; References; Further Reading; Part 2; 5 Fundamentals of the Interpretation and Evaluation of Scientific Evidence; 5.1 Analysis, Interpretation and Evaluation; 5.2 The Role and Outcomes of Forensic Investigation; 5.3 Fact and Opinion; 5.4 Expert Opinion and the Forensic Science Paradigm; 5.5 What are Propositions?; 5.6 Competing Propositions in the Court; References; Further Reading; 6 Case Studies in Expert Opinion; 6.1 Case Study 1: Facial Comparison Evidence.
- 6.2 Case Study 2: Ear-mark Identification6.3 Case Study 3: Glass and Gunshot Residue; 6.4 Conclusions; References; Further Reading; 7 Formal Methods for Logical Evaluation; 7.1 Frequentist and Bayesian Approaches to Evaluation; 7.2 The Likelihood Ratio Method; 7.3 Expressing Opinion Through Likelihood Ratio; 7.4 Evaluation and Bayes' Theorem; 7.5 Prior Odds; 7.6 Posterior Probabilities; 7.7 Working Out Conditional Probabilities and Likelihood Ratio; 7.8 Conclusions; References; Further Reading; 8 Case Studies in Probabilistic Opinion; 8.1 People v Collins 1968; 8.2 R v Michael Shirley 2003.
- 8.3 R v D J Adams 1996, 19988.4 The Defendant's Fallacy: R v J 2009; 8.5 Conclusion; References; Further Reading; 9 Cognitive Bias and Expert Opinion; 9.1 Cognitive Bias; 9.2 Contextual Bias; 9.3 Other Sources of Bias; 9.4 Fingerprint Examination: A Case Study in Bias; 9.5 Mitigating Bias; 9.6 Mitigating Bias Versus Research on Traces; 9.7 Conclusions; References; Further Reading; Part 3; 10 The Evaluation of DNA Profile Evidence; 10.1 DNA Profiling Techniques
- A Brief History; 10.2 Databases in DNA Profiling; 10.3 Interpretation and Evaluation of Conventional DNA Profiles.