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Fossil fuel subsidies in indonesia;trends, impacts, and reforms.
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Oakland :
O Books Sun & Moon
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Cover; Contents; Tables and Figures; Tables; 1 Comparison of Estimates of Fossil Fuel Consumer Subsidies; 2 Scenarios of Removing Fossil Fuel Subsidies; 3 Subsidy Savings and Reallocation to Households in the SAM Model; 4 Key Projected Macroeconomic Impacts; 5 Impacts on Household Welfare in the Vulnerability and Reallocation Scenarios; 6 Projected Distributional Impacts of Subsidy Reform and Compensation on Household Real Incomes, Macro Model; 7 Impact of Subsidy Reform and Compensation Methods on Household Real Incomes in 2020; 8 SAM model Sectoral Impacts
- 9 Projections of Output by the Macro Model10 Projected Impacts by the MARKAL Model for Energy Consumption, 2030; 11 Projected Impacts on Power Generation by the MARKAL Model; 12 Final Projected Energy Demand by Fuel and Sector; 13 Final Projected CO[sub(2)] Emissions by Fuel User; 14 Timeline of Fossil Fuel Subsidy Reforms since 2005; 15 Poverty, Subsidies, and Social Spending (latest year); 16 Share of Household Expenditure on Energy Sources, Food, and Transport, 2005; 17 Social Assistance Associated with Fuel Subsidy Reform
- A5.1 Equivalent Fuel Subsidies and Price Changes in 2008 for SAM ModelA6.1 Projections for Energy Consumption by Sector and Energy Supply by Source; A6.2 Projections for Power Capacity, Supply, and Cost; Figures; 1 Major Quantified Fossil Fuel Subsidies to Producers and Consumers, 2012; 2 Fossil Fuel Subsidies Compared to Other Expenditure and ODA, 2012; 3 Annual Direct Electricity Subsidies to PT PLN; Foreword; Acknowledgments; Abbreviations; 1 Introduction; 2 Overview of the Energy Sector; Resources and Market Structure; Prices, Taxes, and Support Mechanisms
- 3 The Size of Fuel Subsidies and Impact of Their ReformsEstimating Subsidies; Impacts of Fossil Fuel Subsidy Reforms; On Government Finances; On the Economy; On Households; On Businesses and Industry; On the Energy Sector; On the Environment; 4 Fuel Subsidy Reforms and the Need to Protect the Poor; Recent Reform Initiatives; Effect of Reforms on the Poor; Policy Instruments Available; Effectiveness of Past and Current Programs Associated with Fuel Subsidy Reform; Broader Social Assistance Programs and Problems in Implementation; Improving Social Assistance Programs for the Poor
- 5 Summary of FindingsAnnexes; 1 Inventory of Subsidies for the Consumption of Fossil Fuels; 2 Inventory of Subsidies for the Production of Electricity; 3 Strengths and Weaknesses of Economics and Energy Models Used for the Analysis; 4 Main Characteristics of the Reform Impact Models Used; 5 Calculations to Adapt Recent Year Subsidies to the Social Accounting Matrices; 6 Market Allocation Model Results; 7 Major National Social Assistance Programs; List of Background Papers; References