Natural Climate Variability on Decade-to-Century Time Scales.

Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:Libro Electrónico
Autor principal: Committee, Climate Research
Formato: Electrónico eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Washington : National Academies Press, 1994.
Temas:
Climatic changes > Congresses.
Climat > Changements > Congrès.
Climatic changes
Conference papers and proceedings
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Natural Climate Variability On Decade-to-Century Time Scales; Copyright; Preface; Contents; Executive Summary; THE CHALLENGE; FINDINGS FROM THE WORKSHOP PAPERS; RECOMMENDATIONS; 1 Introduction ; ASSESSING DECADE-TO-CENTURY-SCALE VARIABILITY; PURPOSE AND STRUCTURE OF THIS VOLUME; REFERENCE; 2 The Atmosphere ; Introduction; Atmospheric Observations; INTRODUCTION; IDENTIFYING CLIMATE FLUCTUATIONS; THE FORCING AGENTS OF CLIMATE FLUCTUATIONS; CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS; DOCUMENTING NATURAL CLIMATIC VARIATIONS: HOW DIFFERENT IS THE CLIMATE OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY FROM THAT OF PREVIOUS ...
  • ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION; THE MODERN (INSTRUMENTAL) RECORD; Characteristics of Decadal-Scale Changes of Area-Mean Temperature Indices; Changes in Temperature Variability; THE PRE-INSTRUMENTAL PERIOD; Tree-Ring Indicators; Oxygen Isotopes; Central England Temperature; SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS; Commentary on the Paper of Diaz and Bradley; Discussion; VARIABILITY OF AFRICAN RAINFALL ON INTERANNUAL AND DECADAL TIME SCALES; ABSTRACT; INTRODUCTION; METHODOLOGY; CONTINENTAL-SCALE PATTERNS OF RAINFALL VARIABILITY; DECADAL-SCALE FLUCTUATIONS; Fluctuations During Recent Decades.
  • Teleconnections and Other Characteristics of Rainfall Variability: Comparison of Modern and Historic ... Fluctuations on Time Scales of Centuries; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY OF RAINFALL; MECHANISMS OF RAINFALL VARIABILITY; Land-Surface Feedback in the Sahel; SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS; ON THE INITIATION AND PERSISTENCE OF THE SAHEL DROUGHT; ABSTRACT; INTRODUCTION; ONSET OF THE SAHEL DROUGHT; PERSISTENCE OF THE SAHEL DROUGHT; THE FUTURE; Discussion; CONTINENTAL SNOW COVER AND CLIMATE VARIABILITY; ABSTRACT; INTRODUCTION; PHYSICAL BACKGROUND.
  • SNOW COVER AND ATMOSPHERIC VARIABILITY: SHORT-TERM RELATIONSHIPSObservational Studies; Modeling Studies; SNOW COVER AND ATMOSPHERIC VARIABILITY: DECADE-TO-CENTURY TIME SCALES; Observational Studies; Modeling Studies; CONCLUSION; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS; Commentary on the Paper of Walsh; Discussion; DECADAL VARIATIONS OF SNOW COVER; ABSTRACT; INTRODUCTION; IN SITU OBSERVATIONS; SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS; Short-Wave and Microwave Snow Charting; Hemispheric Snow Products: NOAA Weekly Charts; Hemispheric Snow Products: NASA Microwave Files; Northern Hemisphere Continental Snow Cover: 1972-1992; CONCLUSIONS.
  • ACKNOWLEDGMENTSVARIABILITY AND TRENDS OF PRECIPITATION AND SNOWFALL OVER NORTH AMERICA; ABSTRACT; INTRODUCTION; DATA SELECTION AND PROCESSING; Networks Used; Data Processing; Snowfall Scale Correction; CURRENT CHANGES IN PRECIPITATION AND SNOWFALL; Snowfall Changes During the Last Four Decades; Annual Precipitation Changes During the Last Four Decades; Century-Long Precipitation Changes; CONCLUSIONS; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS; Commentary on the Paper of Groisman and Easterling; Discussion; ASYMMETRIC TRENDS OF DAILY MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM TEMPERATURE: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE AND POSSIBLE CAUSES; ABSTRACT.

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