Osteoimmunology : interactions of the immune and skeletal systems /

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Of Section II: Multiple Cell Types Promote Bone Formation During the Remodeling Process -- What is the target cell of osteoclast-derived factors that may promote bone formation? -- How do osteocytes contribute to coupling? -- Promotion of bone formation in the BMU during the reversal phase -- The in...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:Libro Electrónico
Otros Autores: Lorenzo, Joseph (Editor ), Horowitz, Mark (Editor ), Choi, Yongwon (Editor ), Takayanagi, Hiroshi (Editor ), Schett, Georg (Editor )
Formato: Electrónico eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Amsterdam : Academic Press, 2015.
Edición:Second edition.
Temas:
Musculoskeletal system > Immunology.
Appareil locomoteur > Immunologie.
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Cover
  • Title Page
  • Copyright Page
  • Contents
  • List of Contributors
  • Foreword
  • Preface
  • Chapter 1
  • Overview: The Developing Field of Osteoimmunology
  • References
  • Chapter 2
  • The Origins of the Osteoclast
  • First descriptions of the osteoclast
  • Early controversies: are osteoclasts capable of bone resorption?
  • Early controversies: hematopoietic or mesenchymal origin of the osteoclast?
  • Osteoclast: a hematopoietic cell
  • Osteoclasts: cells of the myeloid lineage
  • Advancing the field: culturing osteoclasts in vitro
  • Identification of RANKL and OPG
  • Defining osteoclast precursors within myeloid cell development
  • Heterogeneity among osteoclasts
  • Origins of the osteoclast through the lens of evolution
  • Osteoclast-Like Activity in Invertebrates
  • Osteoclasts in Fish
  • Conclusions
  • Acknowledgments
  • References
  • Chapter 3
  • Trafficking of Osteoclast Precursors
  • Introduction
  • A century-long search for the identity of osteoclast precursors
  • Intravital two-photon imaging of bone tissues
  • Osteoclast precursors are motile and circulate throughout the body
  • Guidance cues sensed by osteoclast precursors in bone marrow
  • S1P-dependent migratory control of osteoclast precursors
  • Differences between osteoclast precursor and mature osteoclast migration mechanisms
  • Control of osteoclast migration and function by Rho GTPases
  • Role of integrins in osteoclast precursor migration
  • Control of osteoclast precursor differentiation by GPCR-mediated inhibition of cell migration
  • Unanswered questions in osteoclast precursor trafficking and differentiation
  • References
  • Chapter 4
  • Osteoclast Biology: Regulation of Formation and Function
  • Introduction
  • RANKL and RANK: an osteoclastogenic cytokine and its receptor
  • TRAF6: the multifunctional signaling molecule activated by RANK.
  • What happens downstream of TRAF6?
  • The role of NF-kB in osteoclast differentiation
  • The critical role of AP-1 transcription factors
  • MAPKs activated by RANKL
  • NFATc1 is a master transcription factor of osteoclast differentiation
  • Autoamplification of NFATc1 and its epigenetic regulation
  • Inhibition of NFATc1 induction
  • Transcriptional control governed by NFATc1
  • Costimulatory receptor signals for RANK: FcRg and DAP12
  • The ligands for the costimulatory receptors
  • Importance of ITAM costimulatory signals in humans: Nasu-Hakola disease
  • Additional costimulatory signals involved in osteoclastogenesis
  • Receptors signaling through DAP12
  • The inhibitory signals for costimulatory signals
  • Src family kinases: activation of ITAM signaling
  • Syk kinase: downstream of DAP12/FcRg?
  • PLCg2: enzyme and adaptor molecule
  • Tec kinases: integrating RANK and ITAM signaling
  • Negative regulatory role of DAP12
  • M-CSF and c-Fms: a road to proliferation and survival
  • M-CSF signaling
  • Erk, PI3K, and c-Fos signaling
  • The osteoclast's job: bone resorption
  • Osteoclast cytoskeleton: the podosomes and the sealing zone
  • Osteoclast cytoskeleton: the microtubules and the sealing zone
  • Osteoclast functional structure: the ruffled border
  • Osteoclast and bone matrix: role of ÜvÝ3 integrin
  • Integrin-associated proteins
  • M-CSF and the osteoclast cytoskeleton
  • Coupling factors released in osteoclastic bone resorption
  • Stimulation of bone formation by clastokines
  • Inhibition of bone formation by clastokines
  • Coupling by cell-cell interaction between osteoclasts and osteoblasts
  • Conclusions
  • References
  • Chapter 5
  • Osteoimmunology and the Osteoblast
  • Advantages of immune-osteoblast interaction
  • Immune-osteoblast interaction in fracture repair
  • Immune Cells Set the Order and Tempo of Fracture Repair.
  • Dual role for TNF-Ü
  • TNF is an inhibitor of Wnt signaling
  • Coupling of skeletal homeostasis with innate and acquired immunity
  • Normal Bone Remodeling
  • Osteoblast support of hematopoiesis
  • Osteoblast support of B cell differentiation
  • Osteoblasts support hematopoietic stem cells
  • Conclusions
  • References
  • Chapter 6
  • The Variety of Osteocyte Function
  • Introduction
  • The osteocyte network
  • New tools to study osteocyte function
  • Osteocytes and bone remodeling
  • Osteocytes and mineral homeostasis
  • Osteocytes as mechanosensors
  • Osteocytes and hematopoiesis
  • Conclusions
  • References
  • Chapter 7
  • Bone Marrow Hematopoietic Niches
  • Introduction
  • Hematopoiesis occurs within the bone marrow and is closely linked to skeletal development
  • A role for the osteoblast lineage in supporting hematopoietic stem cells
  • A perivascular niche for HSCs involves mesenchymal progenitors
  • Signaling pathways implicated in microenvironment-HSC communication
  • CXCL12/CXCR4
  • SCF
  • Angiopoietin-1/Tie2
  • Thrombopoietin/Mpl
  • Osteopontin
  • Calcium-Sensing Receptor
  • N-Cadherin
  • Parathyroid Hormone Receptor Signaling
  • Notch Signaling
  • Wnt Signaling
  • Prostaglandin E2
  • TGFÝ1
  • Perivascular osteoblast precursors support hematopoiesis
  • Other components of the hematopoietic niche
  • Macrophages
  • Endothelial Cells
  • Sympathetic Neurons
  • Adipocytes
  • Clinical implications
  • HSC Engraftment After Transplantation
  • Microenvironment and Disease
  • Effect of Aging-Related Bone Loss on Hematopoiesis
  • The bone marrow HSC microenvironment is complex
  • References
  • Chapter 8
  • RANK and RANKL of Bones, T Cells, and the Mammary Glands
  • RANK and RANKL in bone
  • Downstream signaling of RANK/RANKL
  • Rank/Rankl mutations in human patients
  • Osteoimmunology
  • RANK and RANKL in the organogenesis of the immune system.
  • Immunotolerance
  • RANK/RANKL and metastases
  • RANK/RANKL and the mammary gland
  • RANK and RANKL and their function in mammary stem cell biology
  • Breast cancer
  • Is there even more?
  • Denosumab, a rational treatment for bone loss
  • Conclusions
  • References
  • Chapter 9
  • The Effects of Immune Cell Products (Cytokines and Hematopoietic Cell Growth Factors) on Bone Cells
  • Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB ligand (RANKL), receptor activator of nuclear factor-kB (RANK) and osteoprotegerin ...
  • Colony-stimulating factor-1
  • Additional colony stimulating factors
  • Interleukin-1
  • Tumor necrosis factor
  • Additional TNF superfamily members
  • Fas-Ligand
  • TNF-Related Apoptosis Inducing Ligand (TRAIL)
  • CD40-ligand
  • Interleukin-6
  • Additional interleukin-6 family members
  • Interleukin-11
  • Leukemia Inhibitory Factor
  • Oncostatin M
  • Interleukin-7
  • Interleukin-8 and other chemokines
  • Interleukin-8
  • CCL2
  • CCL3
  • CCL9
  • CXCL12 and CXCR4
  • CX3CR1
  • CCR1
  • CCR2
  • Interleukin-10
  • Interleukin 12
  • Interleukin 15
  • Interleukin 17, Interleukin 23, and Interleukin 27
  • Interleukin 18 and interleukin 33
  • Interferons
  • Additional cytokine
  • Conclusions
  • References
  • Chapter 10
  • Coupling: The Influences of Immune and Bone Cells
  • Introduction: bone remodeling and the concept of coupling
  • Modeling and remodeling in anabolic therapy for the skeleton
  • Osteoclast-derived factors that promote osteoblast differentiation
  • Matrix-Derived Signals Released During Resorption
  • Factors Secreted by the Osteoclast That Promote Bone Formation
  • Do Macrophages Also Stimulate Bone Formation in the BMU?
  • Other Contributions of Macrophages to Bone Formation in Remodeling
  • Proteins Expressed on the Osteoclast Cell Membrane That Stimulate Osteoblast Differentiation.

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