Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Arsenic in Drinking Water
  • Copyright
  • Other Reports of the Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology
  • Preface
  • Contents
  • Executive Summary
  • THE CHARGE TO THE SUBCOMMITTEE
  • THE SUBCOMMITTEE'S APPROACH TO ITS CHARGE
  • THE SUBCOMMITTEE'S EVALUATION
  • Health Effects
  • Recommendations
  • Disposition (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion)
  • Recommendations
  • Mechanism or Mode of Action
  • Recommendations
  • Variation in Human Sensitivity
  • Recommendations
  • Other Considerations
  • Recommendations
  • RISK CHARACTERIZATIONRecommendations
  • 1 Introduction
  • BACKGROUND
  • SCIENTIFIC CONTROVERSIES
  • ORGANIZATION OF THIS REPORT
  • REFERENCES
  • 2 The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's 1988 Risk Assessment for Arsenic
  • OVERVIEW OF THE EPA 1988 SPECIAL REPORT
  • Hazard Identification
  • Dose-Response Assessment
  • Nutritional Essentiality
  • EPA'S 1988 RISK ASSESSMENT: 10 YEARS LATER
  • Data Limitations
  • Estimating Risk in the United States
  • SUMMARY
  • REFERENCES
  • 3 Chemistry and Analysis of Arsenic Species in Water, Food, Urine, Blood, Hair, and Nails SUMMARY OF ARSENIC COMPOUNDS IN WATER AND FOOD
  • RELEVANT CHEMICAL CONSIDERATIONS
  • Is Arsenic Similar to Phosphorus?
  • Affinity Of Arsenic For Sulfur
  • Biomethylation of Arsenic
  • Some Geo-chemical Considerations: Absorption and Redox
  • Microbial Activity and Arsenic Mobilization
  • Free Radical and Peroxy Species
  • ANALYSIS OF ARSENIC COMPOUNDS
  • Hydride Generation with Speciation
  • Hidden Arsenic Species
  • Arsenic(III) Species
  • Chromatographic Separation of Involatile Arsenic SpeciesMass Spectrometry for Arsenic Speciation
  • ARSENIC IN WATER
  • Arsenic in Groundwater
  • Arsenic in Fresh Surface Water
  • Arsenic in Estuarine Water
  • Practical Quantification Level for Arsenic in Drinking Water
  • ARSENIC IN FOOD
  • Total-Arsenic Concentrations
  • Studies of Arsenic Speciation in Food
  • Higher-Level Speciation Studies of Food
  • The Nature of Arsenic in Plants
  • ARSENIC IN URINE, BLOOD, HAIR, AND NAILS
  • Arsenic in Urine
  • Total Arsenic in Urine
  • Arsenic Species in Urine
  • Collection and Storage of Urine Samples for Arsenic Speciation AnalysisArsenic Species in Blood
  • Arsenic in Hair and Fingernails
  • SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
  • RECOMMENDATIONS
  • REFERENCES
  • 4 Health Effects of Arsenic
  • CANCER EFFECTS
  • Ecological Studies
  • Cohort Studies
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Occupational Studies
  • NONCANCER EFFECTS
  • Cutaneous Effects
  • Gastrointestinal Effects
  • Cardiovascular Effects
  • Hematological Effects
  • Pulmonary Effects
  • Immunological Effects
  • Neurological Effects
  • Endocrinological Effects