Balancing the National Interest : U.S. National Security Export Controls and Global Economic Competition.

Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:Libro Electrónico
Autor principal: Staff, National Academy of Sciences
Otros Autores: Staff, National Academy of Engineering, Staff, Institute of Medicine
Formato: Electrónico eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Washington : National Academies Press, 1900.
Temas:
Technology transfer > Government policy > United States.
Export controls > United States.
National security > United States.
Transfert de technologie > Politique gouvernementale > États-Unis.
Exportations > Contrôle > États-Unis.
Export controls
International economic relations
National security
Technology transfer > Government policy
United States > Foreign economic relations.
United States
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • ""Balancing The National Interest""; ""Copyright""; ""Sponsors""; ""Preface""; ""Contents""; ""Executive Summary""; ""ABSTRACT""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""THE TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER PROBLEM""; ""THE CURRENT NATIONAL SECURITY EXPORT CONTROL REGIME""; ""ASSESSMENT OF THE CRITICAL ISSUES""; ""FINDINGS AND KEY JUDGMENTS OF THE PANEL""; ""I. The Practical Basis for National Security Export Controls""; ""II. Considerations Influencing National Policy""; ""III. Soviet Technology Acquisition Efforts in the West""; ""IV. Diffusion and Transfer of technical Capability""
  • ""V. Foreign Availability and Foreign Control of Technology""""VI. Effectiveness of the Multilateral Process""; ""VII. Administration of U.S. National Security Export Control Policies and Procedures""; ""RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE PANEL""; ""I. Strengthen the Cocom Mechanism""; ""II. Accord Greater Importance in U.S. National Security Export Control Decisions to Maintaining Technological Strength ... ""; ""1 Introduction""; ""THE NATURE OF THE PROBLEM""; ""The Technology-Security Nexus""; ""The Current Challenge""; ""ORIGINS AND MANDATE OF THE STUDY""; ""SCOPE OF THE PANEL'S WORK""
  • ""FOCUS OF THE STUDY""""ORGANIZATION OF THE REPORT""; ""NOTES""; ""2 Evidence on the Technology Transfer Problem""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""INTELLIGENCE EVIDENCE ON SOVIET TECHNOLOGY ACQUISITION""; ""ESPIONAGE""; ""DIVERSIONS""; ""LEGAL SALES""; ""THE SIGNIFICANCE OF VARIOUS CHANNELS OF LOSS""; ""SOVIET UTILIZATION OF ACQUIRED WESTERN TECHNOLOGY""; ""THE STATE OF SOVIET SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 8""; ""IMPLICATIONS OF INTELLIGENCE EVIDENCE""; ""NOTES""; ""3 The Changing Global Economic and Technological Environment""; ""CHANGES IN THE INTERNATIONAL MARKETPLACE""
  • ""GROWING U.S. INTERACTION IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY""""THE CHALLENGE TO U.S HIGH-TECHNOLOGY LEADERSHIP""; ""CoCom Countries""; ""Non-CoCom Countries""; ""NEWLY INDUSTRIALIZING COUNTRIES""; ""NOTES""; ""4 The Dimensions of National Security Export Controls""; ""HISTORICAL BACKGROUND""; ""World War II Origins and the Early Postwar Years""; ""The Export Control Act of 1949 and the Establishment of CoCom""; ""The New Role of Science and Technology in Postwar U.S. Defense Strategy""; ""Detente and the Export Administration Act of 1969""; ""U.S. NATIONAL SECURITY EXPORT CONTROLS""
  • ""Controls on Munitions""""Controls on Dual Use Products and Technologies""; ""Dual Use Products""; ""General Licenses""; ""Validated Licenses""; ""Controls on Technical Data""; ""Reexport Controls""; ""Penalties for Violations""; ""ADMINISTRATION OF U.S. CONTROLS""; ""MULTILATERAL NATIONAL SECURITY EXPORT CONTROLS""; ""THE CONTROL SYSTEMS OF OTHER WESTERN NATIONS""; ""NOTES""; ""5 An Assessment of U.S. National Security Export Controls""; ""INTRODUCTION""; ""EFFECTIVENESS OF NATIONAL SECURITY EXPORT CONTROLS""; ""Intelligence and Enforcement Evidence""; ""Compliance""

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