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Satellite Gravity and the Geosphere : Contributions to the Study of the Solid Earth and Its Fluid Envelopes.

Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:Libro Electrónico
Autor principal: Space, Committee on Earth Gravity from
Formato: Electrónico eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Washington : National Academies Press, 1997.
Temas:
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • SATELLITE GRAVITY AND THE GEOSPHERE
  • Copyright
  • Preface
  • Contents
  • Satellite Gravity and the Geosphere
  • Executive Summary
  • BENEFITS OF A DEDICATED SATELLITE GRAVITY MISSION
  • MISSION SCENARIOS AND MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
  • OCEAN DYNAMICS AND HEAT FLUX
  • SOLID EARTH PROCESSES
  • WATER CYCLING
  • SEA-LEVEL RISE AND GLACIOLOGY
  • THE DYNAMIC ATMOSPHERE
  • A TOOL FOR SCIENCE
  • 1 Introduction
  • SCIENTIFIC OVERVIEW
  • THE ATMOSPHERE AS A POTENTIAL SOURCE OF NOISE FOR TIME-DEPENDENT APPLICATIONS
  • HISTORY OF SATELLITE GRAVITY
  • GRAVITY AS USED IN THIS REPORTORGANIZATION OF REPORT
  • 2 Mission Scenarios and Measurement Techniques
  • SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS OF THE GRAVITY FIELD
  • TRADE-OFFS IN SPACECRAFT MISSION DESIGN
  • MISSION SCENARIOS
  • GPS
  • SST and SSI
  • SGG and SGGE
  • PREVIOUS STUDIES
  • ERROR ESTIMATES FOR MISSION SCENARIOS OF THIS REPORT
  • Degree Amplitude Error Spectra
  • Precision Versus Resolution
  • STANDARD GENERIC MISSIONS
  • CONCLUSIONS
  • 3 The Gravity Field as a Tool For Science
  • REFERENCE FRAME (1): THE FOUNDATION FOR MEASURING THE CHANGING EARTH
  • REFERENCE FRAME (2): THE GEOID, FLUID CIRCULATION, AND SATELLITEALTIMETRYDATA CALIBRATION AND VERIFICATION: GIVING OLD DATA NEW VALUE
  • CONCLUSIONS
  • 4 Ocean Dynamics and Heat Flux
  • STATIC FIELD
  • TIME-DEPENDENT MEASUREMENTS
  • Bottom Pressure and Mass
  • Steric Changes
  • Accuracy
  • CONCLUSIONS
  • 5 Solid Earth Processes
  • MANTLE CONVECTION AND PLUMES: UNDERSTANDING THE EARTH'S HEAT ENGINE
  • POST-GLACIAL REBOUND
  • REGIONAL DEFORMATION AND STRUCTURE: THE SURFACE MANIFESTATION OF PLATE TECTONICS
  • EARTHQUAKES
  • CONCLUSIONS
  • 6 Water Cycling
  • WATER TRANSFER TO THE ATMOSPHERESOIL MOISTURE INVENTORY
  • GRAVITY AND THE GEWEX CONTINENTAL-SCALE INTERNATIONAL PROJECT
  • SNOWLOAD AND ASSOCIATED RUNOFF
  • AQUIFERS
  • CONCLUSIONS
  • 7 Sea-Level Change
  • THERMAL EXPANSION OF THE OCEANS
  • ICE MASS BALANCE
  • Contributions from the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets
  • Isostatic Rebound
  • Snow-Accumulation Rates
  • Atmospheric Pressure
  • Complementarity with Satellite Laser Altimetry
  • Drainage Systems Within Ice Sheets
  • Contributions from Glaciers
  • CONCLUSIONS
  • 8 The Dynamic Atmosphere: Unraveling the Contributions of the Earth's SubsystemsCONCLUSIONS
  • 9 Conclusions
  • Afterword
  • Appendix A Spherical Harmonics: Degree Variances, Wavelengths, Upward Continuation, Anomalous Potentials, Signal and Errorâ€?
  • A.1 SPHERICAL HARMONIC EXPANSIONS OF GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIALS
  • A.2 DEGREE VARIANCES
  • A.3 WAVELENGTH RELATED TO HARMONIC DEGREE
  • A.4 ATTENUATION WITH ALTITUDE
  • A.5 ANOMALOUS POTENTIALS AND KAULA'S RULE
  • A.6 DEGREE AMPLITUDE SPECTRA
  • A.7 ERRORS IN OBSERVABLES RELATED TO ERRORS IN THE GRAVITY FIELD