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New Strategies for New Challenges : Corporate Innovation in the United States and Japan.
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Washington :
National Academies Press,
1999.
|
| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- New Strategies for New Challenges: Corporate Innovation in the United States and Japan
- Copyright
- Acknowledgments
- Contents
- Executive Summary
- OVERVIEW
- MAJOR AREAS OF U.S.-JAPAN CONVERGENCE AND CONTINUED DISPARITY
- Growing Similarities and Evidence for Convergence
- Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM)-Supplier Relations
- Inventiveness
- Focus on Core Business Activities
- Role of Government
- Continuing Fundamental Differences and Evidence Against Convergence
- Defense-Related R & D Spending
- Role of Universities
- Industry/Government Division of ResponsibilityLabor-Market Practices
- Supplier Networks
- Component Sourcing
- Financial Environment for Innovation
- EMERGING TRENDS
- Greater Reliance on External Sources of Innovation.
- Shifts in Corporate R & D Strategies and Organizations
- Role of Consortia in Setting De Facto Standards
- RECOMMENDATIONS
- Need for More Data on U.S., Japanese and Global Trends in Corporate Innovation
- Need to Continue Scholarly Work on Models and Frameworks for Innovation
- NOTES AND REFERENCES
- 1 Introduction
- NOTES AND REFERENCES2 Past Perceptions of U.S. and Japanese Innovation Systems
- NATIONAL LEVEL DIFFERENCES
- FIRM LEVEL DIFFERENCES
- Organization and Geography of R & D
- Long-Term and Short-Term Perspectives
- R & D's Role in Setting Corporate Business Plans
- Human Resources Utilization and Development
- NOTES AND REFERENCES
- 3 Are the U.S. and Japanese Innovation Systems Converging? Evidence for and Against
- CHANGES IN INDUSTRY
- Capital Markets
- Corporate Innovation Management
- Focus on Improving Productivity
- Role of Knowledge
- Priority SettingGlobalization of Innovation
- Joint Initiatives in Manufacturing and Product Development
- Issues Raised by Globalization
- CHANGES IN GOVERNMENT'S ROLE
- NOTES AND REFERENCES
- 4 External Relationships in Corporate Technology Policy and Innovation Strategy
- EXTERNAL SOURCING OF TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION
- Vertical and Diagonal Relationships in Outsourcing
- Diversification vs. New Firm Creation in Relation to Outsourcing of Innovation
- Lack of Data to Measure the Extent of Foreign Sourcing of Innovation
- Impact of External Sourcing of InnovationPrecompetitive Research Partnerships, Alliances, and Consortia
- CONSORTIA FOR INFORMAL STANDARDIZATION AND RELATED TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
- NOTES AND REFERENCES
- 5 Theory and Practice: Developing New Frameworks for Analyzing Systems of Innovation
- DEMAND ARTICULATION
- INDICATORS OF JAPANESE AND U.S. TECHNOLOGY RESOURCES AND ASSETS
- CORPORATE TECHNOLOGY STOCK MODEL
- INNOVATION-MEDIATED PRODUCTION AND THE ROLE OF KNOWLEDGE
- NOTES AND REFERENCES
- 6 Conclusions and Recommendations
- CONCLUSIONS