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|a UAMI
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|a Climate change :
|b observed impacts on planet Earth /
|c edited by Trevor M. Letcher.
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|a Second edition.
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|a Amsterdam, Netherlands :
|b Elsevier Ltd.,
|c 2015.
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| 300 |
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|a 1 online resource :
|b illustrations
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|a text
|b txt
|2 rdacontent
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|a computer
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|a online resource
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|a Includes bibliographical references and index.
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|a Vendor-supplied metadata.
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|a Front Cover -- Climate Change Observed Impacts on Planet Earth -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- PART 1 -- A GEOLOGICAL HISTORY OF CLIMATE CHANGE -- 1 -- CLIMATE CHANGE THROUGH EARTH'S HISTORY -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. CLIMATE MODELS -- 3. LONG-TERM CLIMATE TRENDS -- 4. EARLY CLIMATE HISTORY -- 5. PHANEROZOIC GLACIATIONS -- 6. THE MESOZOIC -- EARLY CENOZOIC GREENHOUSE -- 7. DEVELOPMENT OF THE CENOZOIC ICEHOUSE -- 8. ASTRONOMICAL MODULATION OF CLIMATE -- 9. MILANKOVITCH CYCLICITY IN QUATERNARY (PLEISTOCENE) CLIMATE HISTORY -- 10. QUATERNARY SUB-MILANKOVITCH CYCLICITY -- 11. THE HOLOCENE -- 12. CLIMATE OF THE ANTHROPOCENE -- 13. CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- PART 2 -- INDICATORS OF CLIMATE CHANGE -- 2 -- GLOBAL SURFACE TEMPERATURES -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. BASIC DATA AVAILABILITY -- 3. ANALYSES OF LAND SURFACE AIR TEMPERATURES -- 4. ANALYSES OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURES -- 5. GLOBAL CHANGES -- 6. UNCERTAINTY QUANTIFICATION -- 7. CHARACTERIZATION OF EXTREMES AND VARIABILITY -- 8. FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS -- 9. CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 3 -- ARCTIC SEA ICE -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. OBSERVED CHANGES IN THE STATE OF ARCTIC SEA ICE -- 2.1 SEA ICE EXTENT AND CONCENTRATION -- 2.2 SEA ICE THICKNESS AND VOLUME -- 2.3 SEA ICE DRIFT -- 2.4 SEA ICE AGE -- 2.5 LENGTH OF MELT SEASON -- 3. CLASSIFYING AND COMPREHENDING THE OBSERVED CHANGES -- 4. CONCLUSIONS -- Acknowledgements -- REFERENCES -- 4 -- ANTARCTIC SEA ICE CHANGES AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. WHY ANTARCTIC ICE IS DIFFERENT -- 3. SNOW ON THE ICE -- 4. THE ANNUAL ICE CYCLE AND ITS CHANGES -- 5. WHAT IS HAPPENING TO THE ICE? -- 6. RESPONSE OF THE ANTARCTIC TO CHANGES ELSEWHERE -- REFERENCES -- 5 -- LAND ICE: INDICATOR AND INTEGRATOR OF CLIMATE CHANGE -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 1.1 GEOGRAPHICAL CONTEXT -- 1.2 ANATOMY OF AN ICE SHEET -- 1.3 LAND ICE AND SEA LEVEL.
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| 505 |
8 |
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|a 2. MASS BALANCE OF GLACIERS AND ICE SHEETS -- 2.1 SURFACE MASS BALANCE -- 2.2 ICE DYNAMICS -- 3. LONG-TERM BEHAVIOUR -- 3.1 GLACIAL-INTERGLACIAL CYCLES -- 3.2 HOLOCENE VARIABILITY -- 4. OBSERVATIONS OF RECENT CHANGES -- 4.1 GLACIERS AND ICE CAPS -- 4.2 ICE SHEETS -- 5. CONCLUDING REMARKS -- REFERENCES -- 6 -- POLEWARD EXPANSION OF THE ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. THE GENERAL CIRCULATION OF THE ATMOSPHERE -- 3. EVIDENCE FOR CIRCULATION CHANGE -- 3.1 THE WIDENING TROPICS -- 3.2 INDICATORS OF TROPICAL WIDTH -- 3.3 THE DECREASING INTENSITY OF THE TROPICAL CIRCULATION -- 3.4 EXTRATROPICAL CIRCULATION CHANGE -- 3.5 MAGNITUDE OF PAST AND FUTURE TRENDS -- 4. CAUSE FOR CIRCULATION CHANGE -- 4.1 DIRECT VERSUS INDIRECT EFFECTS -- 4.2 NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS -- 4.3 TROPICAL SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS -- 4.4 EXTRATROPICAL SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS -- 4.5 STRUCTURE OF SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE VARIATIONS -- 4.6 ARCTIC TEMPERATURE CHANGE -- 4.7 GREENHOUSE GAS INCREASES -- 4.8 DEPLETION AND RECOVERY OF STRATOSPHERIC OZONE -- 4.9 SOLAR VARIABILITY -- 4.10 NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC AEROSOL -- 4.11 LINEARITY OF THE RESPONSE -- 5. EMERGING DYNAMICAL MECHANISMS -- 5.1 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CIRCULATION, CLOUDS, AND RADIATION -- 5.2 STRATOSPHERIC LINKAGES -- 5.3 TROPOPAUSE HEIGHTS -- 5.4 STATIC STABILITY -- 5.5 TROPICAL PUSH -- 5.6 EXTRATROPICAL PULL -- 6. SUMMARY, OUTSTANDING PROBLEMS, AND CONCLUSIONS -- Acknowledgements -- LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS -- REFERENCES -- 7 -- WEATHER PATTERN CHANGES IN THE TROPICS AND MID-LATITUDES -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. OBSERVED CHANGES IN SEA LEVEL PRESSURE -- 3. OBSERVED CHANGES IN EXTRATROPICAL PATTERNS -- 4. CHANGES IN TROPICAL PATTERNS -- 4.1 EL NIÑO SOUTHERN OSCILLATION -- 4.2 TROPICAL CYCLONES -- 4.3 MONSOONS -- 5. CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 8 -- BIRD ECOLOGY.
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| 505 |
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|a 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. INDICATORS OF CHANGE -- 2.1 RANGE -- 2.1.1 Size and Position of Breeding Ranges -- 2.1.2 Ranges During the Nonbreeding Season -- 2.2 MIGRATION -- 2.2.1 Timing of Migration to the Breeding Grounds -- 2.2.2 Timing of Migration from the Breeding Grounds -- 2.2.3 Migration Routes and Wintering Areas -- 2.2.4 Partial Migration -- 2.2.5 Eruptions -- 2.3 REPRODUCTION -- 2.3.1 Onset of Breeding Period -- 2.3.2 Length of Breeding Period -- 2.3.3 Breeding Success -- 2.3.4 Sexual Selection -- 2.4 MORPHOLOGY -- 2.5 DISEASES -- 3. CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- 9 -- MAMMAL ECOLOGY -- 1. INTRODUCTION: HOW DOES CLIMATE IMPACT MAMMALS? -- 2. CLIMATE IMPACTS SCALE FROM LOCAL TO GLOBAL, DAILY TO GEOLOGICAL -- 3. DEMONSTRATED IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON MAMMALS -- 3.1 CLIMATE IMPACTS ON MAMMAL METABOLISM -- 3.2 CLIMATE IMPACTS ON MAMMAL MORPHOLOGY -- 3.3 CLIMATE IMPACTS ON MAMMAL PHENOLOGY -- 3.4 CLIMATE IMPACTS ON MAMMAL POPULATION DYNAMICS -- 3.5 CLIMATE IMPACTS ON MAMMAL RANGE LIMITS -- 3.6 CLIMATE IMPACTS ON MAMMAL COMMUNITIES AND DIVERSITY -- 4. CONCLUSION: LINKING TIME AND SPACE IN MAMMAL RESPONSES TO CLIMATE -- REFERENCES -- 10 -- INSECT COMMUNITIES -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. RANGE CHANGES -- 2.1 RANGE CHANGES -- LIFE HISTORY -- 2.2 RANGE CHANGES -- ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AND RESOURCE AVAILABILITY -- 2.3 RANGE CHANGES AND ADAPTATION -- 3. CHANGES IN PHENOLOGY -- 3.1 PHENOLOGY CHANGES -- MISMATCHES -- 3.2 PHENOLOGY CHANGES -- GENERATIONS AND ABUNDANCE -- 3.3 PHENOLOGY AND ADAPTATION -- 4. PHYSIOLOGY -- 5. RESPONSES TO OTHER CLIMACTIC VARIABLES -- 5.1 RESPONSES TO PRECIPITATION -- 5.2 RESPONSES TO CO2 LEVELS -- 5.3 INTERACTIVE EFFECTS OF WARMING, PRECIPITATION, AND CO2 -- 6. INSECT COMMUNITIES UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE -- 7. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- 11 -- SEA LIFE (PELAGIC ECOSYSTEMS) -- 1. PELAGIC AND PLANKTONIC ECOSYSTEMS.
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| 505 |
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|a 1.1 SENSITIVITY OF PELAGIC AND PLANKTONIC ECOSYSTEMS TO CLIMATE AND GLOBAL CHANGE -- 1.2 MARINE AND TERRESTRIAL BIOLOGICAL RESPONSES TO CLIMATE AND GLOBAL CHANGE -- 1.3 OCEAN ACIDIFICATION AND OTHER ANTHROPOGENIC INFLUENCES ON PELAGIC AND PLANKTONIC ECOSYSTEMS -- 2. OBSERVED IMPACTS ON PELAGIC AND PLANKTONIC ECOSYSTEMS -- 2.1 BIOGEOGRAPHICAL CHANGES AND NORTHWARD SHIFTS -- 2.2 LIFE CYCLE EVENTS AND PELAGIC PHENOLOGY -- 2.3 PLANKTON ABUNDANCE AND PELAGIC PRODUCTIVITY -- 2.4 PELAGIC BIODIVERSITY AND INVASIVE SPECIES -- 3. CONCLUSION AND SUMMARY OF KEY INDICATORS -- REFERENCES -- 12 -- CHANGES IN CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEMS -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. TROPICAL CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEMS -- 3. THE ASSOCIATED FAUNA OF CORAL REEFS -- 4. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- 13 -- MARINE BIODIVERSITY AND CLIMATE CHANGE -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE OCEANS -- 3. EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON MARINE BIODIVERSITY -- 3.1 LOCAL SCALE -- 3.2 REGIONAL SCALE -- 3.3 GLOBAL SCALE -- 3.4 OTHER FACTORS RELATING TO CLIMATE CHANGE -- 4. CUMULATIVE IMPACTS AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE -- 5. BIODIVERSITY AS INSURANCE AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS -- 6. CONCLUSIONS -- Acknowledgements -- REFERENCES -- 14 -- INTERTIDAL INDICATORS OF CLIMATE AND GLOBAL CHANGE -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. CLIMATE CHANGE AND BIOGEOGRAPHY -- 2.1 USING LONG-TERM DATA SETS TO DETECT CLIMATE CHANGE -- 2.2 BIOGEOGRAPHIC RESPONSES OF INTERTIDAL BIOTA -- 2.2.1 Europe -- 2.2.2 Arctic -- 2.2.3 United States -- 2.2.4 Southern Hemisphere -- 2.2.5 South Africa -- 2.2.6 Asia -- 2.3 EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS -- 2.4 INTERACTIONS -- 3. MECHANISMS AND MICROCLIMATE -- 3.1 PHYSIOLOGY -- 3.2 REPRODUCTION AND RECRUITMENT -- 3.3 MODELLING -- 4. ADDITIONAL IMPACTS OF GLOBAL CHANGE -- 4.1 OCEAN ACIDIFICATION -- 4.2 COASTAL ZONE DEVELOPMENT -- 4.3 CLIMATE CHANGE AND NON-NATIVE SPECIES -- 5. CONCLUSIONS -- Acknowledgements.
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| 590 |
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|a ProQuest Ebook Central
|b Ebook Central Academic Complete
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| 650 |
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|a Climatic changes.
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| 650 |
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|a Global environmental change.
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| 650 |
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|a Climat
|x Changements.
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| 650 |
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|a Changement global (Environnement)
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| 650 |
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|a climate change.
|2 aat
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| 650 |
|
7 |
|a SCIENCE
|x Earth Sciences
|x Geography.
|2 bisacsh
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| 650 |
|
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|a SCIENCE
|x Earth Sciences
|x Geology.
|2 bisacsh
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| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Climatic changes
|2 fast
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| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Global environmental change
|2 fast
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| 700 |
1 |
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|a Letcher, T. M.
|q (Trevor M.),
|e editor.
|1 https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCjBFXgd9hmWH3KcfcmgBT3
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| 776 |
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|i Erscheint auch als:
|n Druck-Ausgabe
|a Letcher, Trevor M. Climate Change .
|t Observed Impacts on Planet Earth
|
| 856 |
4 |
0 |
|u https://ebookcentral.uam.elogim.com/lib/uam-ebooks/detail.action?docID=4003861
|z Texto completo
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| 938 |
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| 938 |
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|b EBSC
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