The science of conjecture : evidence and probability before Pascal /

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:Libro Electrónico
Otros Autores: Franklin, James (Autor de introducción, etc.)
Formato: Electrónico eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Baltimore, Maryland : Johns Hopkins University Press, 2015.
Temas:
Probabilities > History.
Evidence > History.
Probabilités > Histoire.
Évidence > Histoire.
Evidence
Probabilities
Mathematics.
Physical Sciences & Mathematics.
Mathematical Statistics.
History
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Cover
  • Contents
  • Preface to the 2015 Edition
  • Preface
  • 1. The Ancient Law of Proof
  • Egypt and Mesopotamia
  • The Talmud
  • Roman Law: Proof and Presumptions
  • Indian Law
  • 2. The Medieval Law of Evidence: Suspicion, Half-proof, and Inquisition
  • Dark Age Ordeals
  • The Gregorian Revolution
  • The Glossators Invent Half-proof
  • Presumptions in Canon Law
  • Grades of Evidence and Torture
  • The Postglossators Bartolus and Baldus: The Completed Theory
  • The Inquisition
  • Law in the East
  • 3. Renaissance Law
  • Henry VIII Presumed Wed
  • Tudor Treason Trials.
  • Continental Law: The Treatises on Presumptions
  • The Witch Inquisitors
  • English Legal Theory and the Reasonable Man
  • 4. The Doubting Conscience and Moral Certainty
  • Penance and Doubts
  • The Doctrine of Probabilism
  • Suarez: Negative and Positive Doubt
  • Grotius, Silhon, and the Morality of the State
  • Hobbes and the Risk of Attack
  • The Scandal of Laxism
  • English Casuists Pursue the Middle Way
  • Juan Caramuel Lobkowitz, Prince of Laxists
  • Pascal's Provincial Letters
  • 5. Rhetoric, Logic, Theory
  • The Greek Vocabulary of Probability
  • The Sophists Sell the Art of Persuasion.
  • Aristotle's Rhetoric and Logic
  • The Rhetoric to Alexander
  • Roman Rhetoric: Cicero and Quintilian
  • Islamic Logic
  • The Scholastic Dialectical Syllogism
  • Probability in Ordinary Language
  • Humanist Rhetoric
  • Late Scholastic Logics
  • 6. Hard Science
  • Observation and Theory
  • Aristotle's Not-by-Chance Argument
  • Averaging of Observations in Greek Astronomy
  • The Simplicity of Theories
  • Nicole Oresme on Relative Frequency
  • Copernicus
  • Kepler Harmonizes Observations
  • Galileo on the Probability of the Copernican Hypothesis
  • 7. Soft Science and History
  • The Physiognomics.
  • Divination and Astrology
  • The Empiric School of Medicine on Drug Testing
  • The Talmud and Maimonides on Majorities
  • Vernacular Averaging and Quality Control
  • Experimentation in Biology
  • The Authority of Histories
  • The Authenticity of Documents
  • Valla and the Donation of Constantine
  • Cano on the Signs of True Histories
  • 8. Philosophy: Action and Induction
  • Carneades's Mitigated Skepticism
  • The Epicureans on Inference from Signs
  • Inductive Skepticism and Avicenna's Reply
  • Aquinas on Tendencies
  • Scotus and Ockham on Induction
  • Nicholas of Autrecourt.
  • The Decline of the West
  • Bacon and Descartes: Certainty? or Moral Certainty?
  • The Jesuits and Hobbes on Induction
  • Pascal's Deductivist Philosophy of Science
  • 9. Religion: Laws of God, Laws of Nature
  • The Argument from Design
  • The Church Fathers
  • Inductive Skepticism by Revelation
  • John of Salisbury
  • Maimonides on Creation
  • Are Laws of Nature Necessary?
  • The Reasonableness of Christianity
  • Pascal's Wager
  • 10. Aleatory Contracts: Insurance, Annuities, and Bets
  • The Price of Peril
  • Doubtful Claims in Jewish Law
  • Olivi on Usury and Future Profits.

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