Forensic chemistry : fundamentals and applications /

Forensic Chemistry: Fundamentals and Applications presents a new approach to the study of applications of chemistry to forensic science. It is edited by one of the leading forensic scientists, with each chapter written by international experts specializing in their respective fields, and presents th...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:Libro Electrónico
Otros Autores: Siegel, Jay A.
Formato: Electrónico eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Chichester, West Sussex ; Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley and Sons, [2015]
Colección:Forensic science in focus.
Temas:
Chemistry, Forensic.
Forensic sciences.
Chemistry Techniques, Analytical > methods
Forensic Sciences > methods
Chemical Phenomena
Forensic Sciences
Chimie légale.
Criminalistique.
forensic science.
MEDICAL > Forensic Medicine.
MEDICAL > Preventive Medicine.
MEDICAL > Public Health.
Chemistry, Forensic
Forensic sciences
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Machine generated contents note: 1.1. Introduction, / Niamh Nic Daéid
  • 1.2. Law and legislation, / Niamh Nic Daéid
  • 1.3. Sampling, / Niamh Nic Daéid
  • 1.3.1. Random sampling and representative sampling, / Niamh Nic Daéid
  • 1.3.2. Arbitrary sampling, / Niamh Nic Daéid
  • 1.3.3. Statistical sampling methods, / Niamh Nic Daéid
  • 1.4. Specific drug types, / Niamh Nic Daéid
  • 1.4.1. Cannabis, / Niamh Nic Daéid
  • 1.4.2. Heroin, / Niamh Nic Daéid
  • 1.4.3. Cocaine, / Niamh Nic Daéid
  • 1.4.4. Amphetamine-type stimulants, / Niamh Nic Daéid
  • 1.4.5. New psychoactive substances, / Niamh Nic Daéid
  • 1.5. Conclusions, / Niamh Nic Daéid
  • Acknowledgements, / Niamh Nic Daéid
  • References, / Niamh Nic Daéid
  • 2.1. Introduction, / Max Houck
  • 2.2. science of reconstruction, / Max Houck
  • 2.2.1. Classification, / Max Houck
  • 2.2.2. Comparison, / Max Houck
  • 2.2.3. Transfer and persistence, / Max Houck
  • 2.3. Textiles, / Max Houck
  • 2.3.1. Information, / Max Houck
  • 2.3.2. Morphology, / Max Houck
  • 2.4. Natural fibers, / Max Houck
  • 2.4.1. Animal fibers, / Max Houck
  • 2.4.2. Plant fibers, / Max Houck
  • 2.5. Manufactured fibers, / Max Houck
  • 2.6. Yarns and fabrics, / Max Houck
  • 2.6.1. Fabric construction, / Max Houck
  • 2.6.2. Finishes, / Max Houck
  • 2.7. Fiber types, / Max Houck
  • 2.7.1. Acetate, / Max Houck
  • 2.7.2. Acrylic, / Max Houck
  • 2.7.3. Aramids, / Max Houck
  • 2.7.4. Modacrylic, / Max Houck
  • 2.7.5. Nylon, / Max Houck
  • 2.7.6. Olefins (polypropylene and polyethylene), / Max Houck
  • 2.7.7. Polyester, / Max Houck
  • 2.7.8. Rayon, / Max Houck
  • 2.7.9. Spandex, / Max Houck
  • 2.7.10. Triacetate, / Max Houck
  • 2.7.11. Bicomponent fibers, / Max Houck
  • 2.8. Chemistry, / Max Houck
  • 2.8.1. General analysis, / Max Houck
  • 2.8.2. Instrumental analysis, / Max Houck
  • 2.8.3. Color, / Max Houck
  • 2.8.4. Raman spectroscopy, / Max Houck
  • 2.8.5. Interpretation, / Max Houck
  • 2.9. future, / Max Houck
  • References, / Max Houck
  • 3.1. Introduction, / Paul Kirkbride
  • 3.2. Paint chemistry, / Paul Kirkbride
  • 3.2.1. Binders, / Paul Kirkbride
  • 3.2.2. Dyes and pigments, / Paul Kirkbride
  • 3.2.3. Additives, / Paul Kirkbride
  • 3.3. Automotive paint application, / Paul Kirkbride
  • 3.4. Forensic examination of paint, / Paul Kirkbride
  • 3.4.1. General considerations, / Paul Kirkbride
  • 3.4.2. Microscopy, / Paul Kirkbride
  • 3.4.3. Vibrational spectrometry, / Paul Kirkbride
  • 3.4.4. SEM-EDX and XRF, / Paul Kirkbride
  • 3.4.5. Pyrolytic techniques, / Paul Kirkbride
  • 3.4.6. Color analysis, / Paul Kirkbride
  • 3.5. Paint evidence evaluation and expert opinion, / Paul Kirkbride
  • References, / Paul Kirkbride
  • 4.1. Introduction, / Reta Newman
  • 4.2. Process overview, / Reta Newman
  • 4.3. Sample collection, / Reta Newman
  • 4.4. Ignitable liquid classification, / Reta Newman
  • 4.5. Petroleum-based ignitable liquids, / Reta Newman
  • 4.6. Non-petroleum-based ignitable liquids, / Reta Newman
  • 4.7. Sample preparation, / Reta Newman
  • 4.8. Sample analysis and data interpretation, / Reta Newman
  • 4.9. Summary, / Reta Newman
  • References, / Reta Newman
  • 5.1. nature of an explosion, / John Goodpaster
  • 5.1.1. Types of explosions, / John Goodpaster
  • 5.1.2. Explosive effects, / John Goodpaster
  • 5.2. Physical and chemical properties of explosives, / John Goodpaster
  • 5.2.1. Low explosives, / John Goodpaster
  • 5.2.2. High explosives, / John Goodpaster
  • 5.3. Protocols for the forensic examination of explosives and explosive devices, / John Goodpaster
  • 5.3.1. Recognition of evidence, / John Goodpaster
  • 5.3.2. Portable technology and on-scene analysis, / John Goodpaster
  • 5.3.3. In the laboratory, / John Goodpaster
  • 5.4. Chemical analysis of explosives, / John Goodpaster
  • 5.4.1. Consensus standards (TWGFEX), / John Goodpaster
  • 5.4.2. Chemical tests, / John Goodpaster
  • 5.4.3. X-ray techniques, / John Goodpaster
  • 5.4.4. Spectroscopy, / John Goodpaster
  • 5.4.5. Separations, / John Goodpaster
  • 5.4.6. Gas chromatography, / John Goodpaster
  • 5.4.7. Mass spectrometry, / John Goodpaster
  • 5.4.8. Provenance and attribution determinations, / John Goodpaster
  • 5.5. Ongoing research, / John Goodpaster
  • Acknowledgements, / John Goodpaster
  • References, / John Goodpaster
  • Further reading, / John Goodpaster
  • 6.1. Introduction to glass examinations and comparisons, / Jose Almirall / Tatiana Trejos
  • 6.2. Glass, the material, / Jose Almirall / Tatiana Trejos
  • 6.2.1. Physical and chemical properties, / Jose Almirall / Tatiana Trejos
  • 6.2.2. Manufacturing, / Jose Almirall / Tatiana Trejos
  • 6.2.3. Fractures and their significance, / Jose Almirall / Tatiana Trejos
  • 6.2.4. Forensic considerations: Transfer and persistence of glass, / Jose Almirall / Tatiana Trejos
  • 6.3. brief history of glass examinations, / Jose Almirall / Tatiana Trejos
  • 6.4. Glass examinations and comparison, standard laboratory practices, / Jose Almirall / Tatiana Trejos
  • 6.4.1. Physical measurements, / Jose Almirall / Tatiana Trejos
  • 6.4.2. Optical measurements, / Jose Almirall / Tatiana Trejos
  • 6.4.3. Chemical measurements: elemental analysis, / Jose Almirall / Tatiana Trejos
  • 6.5. Interpretation of glass evidence examinations and comparisons, / Jose Almirall / Tatiana Trejos
  • 6.5.1. Defining the match criteria, / Jose Almirall / Tatiana Trejos
  • 6.5.2. Descriptive statistics, / Jose Almirall / Tatiana Trejos
  • 6.5.3. Match criteria for refractive index measurements, / Jose Almirall / Tatiana Trejos
  • 6.5.4. Informing power of analytical methods, forming the opinion, / Jose Almirall / Tatiana Trejos
  • 6.5.5. Report writing and testimony, / Jose Almirall / Tatiana Trejos
  • 6.6. Case examples, / Jose Almirall / Tatiana Trejos
  • 6.6.1. Case 1: Hit-and-run case, / Jose Almirall / Tatiana Trejos
  • 6.6.2. Case 2: Multiple transfer of glass in breaking-and-entry case, / Tatiana Trejos / Jose Almirall
  • 6.7. Conclusions, / Tatiana Trejos / Jose Almirall
  • References, / Jose Almirall / Tatiana Trejos
  • 7.1. Soil and geologic microtraces as trace evidence, / Richard E. Bisbing
  • 7.2. Comparison process, / Richard E. Bisbing
  • 7.3. Developing expertise, / Richard E. Bisbing
  • 7.4. Genesis of soil, / Richard E. Bisbing
  • 7.5. Genesis of geologic microtraces, / Richard E. Bisbing
  • 7.6. Collecting questioned samples of unknown origin, / Richard E. Bisbing
  • 7.7. Collecting soil samples of known origin, / Richard E. Bisbing
  • 7.8. Initial comparisons, / Richard E. Bisbing
  • 7.9. Color comparison, / Richard E. Bisbing
  • 7.10. Texture comparison, / Richard E. Bisbing
  • 7.11. Mineral comparison, / Richard E. Bisbing
  • 7.12. Modal analysis, / Richard E. Bisbing
  • 7.13. Automated instrumental modal analysis, / Richard E. Bisbing
  • 7.14. Ecological constituents, / Richard E. Bisbing
  • 7.15. Anthropogenic constituents, / Richard E. Bisbing
  • 7.16. Reporting comparison results, / Richard E. Bisbing
  • 7.17. Future directions and research, / Richard E. Bisbing
  • Acknowledgments, / Richard E. Bisbing
  • References, / Richard E. Bisbing
  • Further reading, / Richard E. Bisbing
  • 8.1. Static approach, / Gerald M. LaPorte
  • 8.2. Dynamic approach, / Gerald M. LaPorte
  • 8.3. Ink composition, / Gerald M. LaPorte
  • 8.4. Examinations, / Gerald M. LaPorte
  • 8.4.1. Physical examinations, / Gerald M. LaPorte
  • 8.4.2. Optical examinations, / Gerald M.
  • LaPorte
  • 8.4.3. Chemical examinations, / Gerald M. LaPorte
  • 8.4.4. Paper examinations, / Gerald M. LaPorte
  • 8.5. Questioned documents, crime scenes and evidential considerations, / Gerald M. LaPorte
  • 8.5.1. How was the questioned document produced?, / Gerald M. LaPorte
  • 8.5.2. What evidence can be used to associate a questioned document with the crime scene and/or victim?, / Gerald M. LaPorte
  • 8.5.3. Are there other forensic examinations that can be performed?, / Gerald M. LaPorte
  • 8.5.4. Demonstrating that a suspect altered a document, / Gerald M. LaPorte
  • 8.6. Interpreting results and rendering conclusions, / Gerald M. LaPorte
  • References, / Gerald M. LaPorte
  • 9.1. Introduction, / Amanda A. Frick / Patrick Fritz / Simon W. Lewis
  • 9.2. Sources of latent fingermark residue, / Amanda A. Frick / Patrick Fritz / Simon W. Lewis
  • 9.2.1. Aqueous components, / Patrick Fritz / Amanda A. Frick / Simon W. Lewis
  • 9.2.2. Lipid components, / Simon W. Lewis / Amanda A. Frick / Patrick Fritz
  • 9.2.3. Sources of compositional variation, / Patrick Fritz / Amanda A. Frick / Simon W. Lewis
  • 9.3. Chemical processing of latent fingermarks, / Amanda A. Frick / Patrick Fritz / Simon W. Lewis
  • 9.3.1. Amino acid sensitive reagents, / Amanda A. Frick / Patrick Fritz / Simon W. Lewis
  • 9.3.2. Reagents based on colloidal metals, / Patrick Fritz / Amanda A. Frick / Simon W. Lewis
  • 9.3.3. Lipid-sensitive reagents, / Patrick Fritz / Amanda A. Frick / Simon W. Lewis
  • 9.3.4. Other techniques, / Patrick Fritz / Amanda A. Frick / Simon W. Lewis
  • 9.4. Experimental considerations for latent fingermark chemistry research, / Amanda A. Frick / Patrick Fritz / Simon W. Lewis
  • 9.5. Conclusions and future directions, / Amanda A. Frick / Patrick Fritz / Simon W. Lewis.
  • Note continued: Acknowledgements, / Amanda A. Frick / Patrick Fritz / Simon W. Lewis
  • References, / Amanda A. Frick / Patrick Fritz / Simon W. Lewis
  • Further reading, / Amanda A. Frick / Patrick Fritz / Simon W. Lewis
  • 10.1. Introduction, / Walter F. Rowe
  • 10.2. Basic firearms examination, / Walter F. Rowe
  • 10.2.1. Cleaning bullets and cartridges, / Walter F. Rowe
  • 10.2.2. Analysis of bullet lead, / Walter F. Rowe
  • 10.2.3. Serial number restoration, / Walter F. Rowe
  • 10.3. Shooting incident reconstruction, / Walter F. Rowe
  • 10.3.1. Muzzle-to-target determinations, / Walter F. Rowe
  • 10.3.2. Firearm primers, / Walter F. Rowe
  • 10.3.3. Collection of gunshot residue, / Walter F. Rowe
  • 10.4. Conclusion, / Walter F. Rowe
  • References, / Walter F. Rowe
  • 11.1. microscope as a tool, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • 11.2. Motivation, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • 11.2.1. Intimidation, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • 11.2.2. Limitations, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • 11.3. Scale, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • 11.3.1. Scale and magnification, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • 11.3.2. Noting scale, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • 11.3.3. Analytical volume and limits of detection, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • 11.4. Finding, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • 11.4.1. Spatial resolution, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • 11.4.2. Recovery resolution, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • 11.4.3. Stereomicroscope, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • 11.5. Preparing, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • 11.5.1. Preservation and documentation, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • 11.5.2. Isolation, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • 11.5.3. Mounting, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • 11.6. Looking, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • 11.6.1. Light microscopy, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • 11.6.2. Scanning electron microscopy, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • 11.7. Analyzing, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • 11.7.1. Polarized light microscopy, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • 11.7.2. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • 11.7.3. FTIR and Raman spectroscopy, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • 11.7.4. Other methods, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • 11.8. Thinking, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • 11.9. Thanking, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • References, / Christopher S. Palenik
  • 12.1. Introduction, / Ruth Smith
  • 12.2. Chromatograms and spectra as multivariate data, / Ruth Smith
  • 12.3. Data preprocessing, / Ruth Smith
  • 12.3.1. Baseline correction, / Ruth Smith
  • 12.3.2. Smoothing, / Ruth Smith
  • 12.3.3. Retention-time alignment, / Ruth Smith
  • 12.3.4. Normalization and scaling, / Ruth Smith
  • 12.4. Unsupervised pattern recognition, / Ruth Smith
  • 12.4.1. Hierarchical cluster analysis, / Ruth Smith
  • 12.4.2. Principal components analysis, / Ruth Smith
  • 12.5. Supervised pattern recognition procedures, / Ruth Smith
  • 12.5.1. k-Nearest neighbors, / Ruth Smith
  • 12.5.2. Discriminant analysis, / Ruth Smith
  • 12.5.3. Soft independent modeling of class analogy, / Ruth Smith
  • 12.5.4. Model validation, / Ruth Smith
  • 12.6. Applications of chemometric procedures in forensic science, / Ruth Smith
  • 12.6.1. Fire debris and explosives, / Ruth Smith
  • 12.6.2. Controlled substances and counterfeit medicines, / Ruth Smith
  • 12.6.3. Trace evidence, / Ruth Smith
  • 12.6.4. Impression evidence, / Ruth Smith
  • 12.7. Conclusions, / Ruth Smith
  • Acknowledgements, / Ruth Smith
  • References, / Ruth Smith.

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