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The Law of Open Societies : Private Ordering and Public Regulation in the Conflict of Laws /
This book endeavours to interpret the development of private international law in light of social change. Since the end of World War II the socio-economic reality of international relations has been characterised by a progressive move from closed to open societies. The dominant feature of our time i...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Leiden, Netherlands :
Brill Nijhoff,
2015.
©2015 |
| Colección: | Hague Academy of International Law monographs ;
Volume 9. |
| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- The Law of Open Societies Private Ordering and Public Regulation in the Conflict of Laws
- Table of Contents
- Table of Abbreviations
- Preface
- Introduction
- 1. Private International Law and Social Change
- 2. Recent Trends in Private International Law
- 3. Purpose and Methods of Private International Law
- a) Legal certainty in a multi-jurisdictional world
- b) Exclusive jurisdiction
- c) Application of foreign law pursuant to choice of law
- d) Choice of law and the welfare state
- e) The principle of recognition
- 4. Private and Public Actors
- 5. The Levels of Rule-making and the Conflict of Laws
- 6. Survey
- Part I From Closed Nation-States to the Open Society
- Chapter 1 The Advent of the Open Society
- Section 1: The Open Society in Political Philosophy
- 1. Henri Bergson
- 2. Karl Raimund Popper
- Section 2: Globalization as a Driving Force of the Open Society
- 1. Technological Innovation
- 2. The Impact on Trade in Goods and Services
- 3. Foreign Direct Investment
- 4. Migration
- 5. Globalization
- a) The nation-State as the starting point
- b) Opening frontiers towards global life
- 6. Conclusions
- Chapter 2 Globalization and the Law
- Section 1: Legal Underpinnings and Attendants of Globalization
- 1. Free Trade in Goods
- 2. Trade in Services
- 3. Free Movement of Capital
- a) Foreign direct investment
- b) Other capital flows
- 4. The Free Flow of Data
- 5. Migration
- 6. Institutionalization and Private Rights
- Section 2: Consequences for Policy-Making and Regulation
- 1. The Loss of State Knowledge and Private Rule-Making
- 2. Delocalization and the Choice of Connecting Factors
- 3. Regulatory Competition
- a) Private choice and State sovereignty
- b) Theoretical underpinnings
- c) Types of regulatory competition
- d) Limitations.
- 4. The Loss of Influence of Individual States and Their Reactions
- a) National policy versus free trade
- b) Extraterritorial application of national law
- c) International minimum standards
- 5. Collaboration of States: Unification, Harmonization, Coordination, Cooperation
- a) Purposes, institutions, history
- b) Forms of legal unification and harmonization
- c) Coordination by common rules on private international law
- d) Procedural cooperation
- Section 3: Outlook
- Part II Private Ordering
- Chapter 1 Substantive "Anational" Private Arrangements
- Section 1: The International Transaction Dilemma
- 1. Legal Pluralism and Its Economic Effects
- 2. Public and Private Remedies
- Section 2: The Export Trade
- 1. Balancing Manifold Interests
- the Lex Meracatoria
- 2. Sellers and Buyers (Incoterms)
- a) Multifarious constellations
- b) The Incoterms
- 3. Carriers and Their Liability
- a) The significance of transport documents
- b) The carrier's liability
- 4. Banks and Payment (Uniform Customs and Practices for Letters of Credit)
- a) Evolution of the letter of credit
- b) The Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits
- 5. Insurance
- Section 3: International Tourism: Package Tour Operators
- 1. Emergence and Specific Demand
- 2. Increasing Certainty through Regulation
- Section 4: Conclusion
- The Domestication of International Transactions
- Chapter 2 Theory of Choice of Law and Party Autonomy
- Section 1: Party Autonomy in International Contract Law
- 1. Worldwide Recognition of Party Autonomy
- 2. Exclusion of Party Autonomy in Latin America
- a) Brazil
- b) Uruguay
- 3. Exclusion of Party Autonomy in the Middle East
- 4. Limitations on the Power to Choose the Applicable Law
- a) Choice of non-State law
- lex mercatoria
- b) Relation between the contract and the law selected.
- C) Restrictions for specific contracts
- d) Conclusion and outlook
- Section 2: A Priori and Derivative Conceptions of Party Autonomy
- Section 3: Theoretical Objections to Party Autonomy
- 1. Sovereignty
- a) Choice of law as an impairment of sovereignty
- b) Objective conception of the law
- c) Criticisms and countervailing contractual theories of State and law
- d) Conclusions
- 2. Ordre public
- a) Specifications of the ordre public
- b) Domestic contacts
- c) Conclusions for choice of law
- 3. No Binding Effect of Contracts outside a Legal Order
- a) The conclusion of a contract as a result of the applicable law
- b) The core and corona of the agreement
- 4. Protection of Weaker Parties
- a) Freedom of choice and power
- b) Neutralization through competition
- c) Imbalances in motivation
- d) Macro-economic and individual disequilibrium
- 5. Conclusion
- Section 4: Theoretical Basis for Freedom of Choice
- 1. Efficiency
- 2. Freedom and Natural Will
- 3. Binding Effect
- 4. Choice-of-Law Agreements as Self-fulfilling (Dispositional) Contracts
- 5. Freedom of Choice as a Pre-governmental Right
- a) Enlightenment philosophy and human rights
- b) Clarification of freedom of choice as derived from human rights
- Section 5: Conclusion
- 1. Interaction of Choice of Law and Objective Law
- 2. The Scope of Freedom of Choice in Private Law
- Chapter 3 New Domains for Party Autonomy
- Section 1: Contractual Relations Involving Third Parties
- 1. Agency
- a) The structure of agency relations
- b) Choice of law and party autonomy
- c) Party autonomy under positive law
- d) Comments on the Hague Agency Convention
- e) Conclusion
- 2. Assignment of Claims
- a) General backdrop
- b) Third-party effects: the Dutch solution
- c) The law governing third-party effects: national conflict rules
- d) A dual-track approach.
- Section 2: Tort and Delict
- 1. The Specificity of Tort and Delict
- a) Primary and secondary rules of conduct
- b) Contract and tort
- 2. The Development of International Tort Law
- a) Lex fori
- b) Lex loci delicti
- c) Lex loci actus and lex loci iniuriae
- d) Specification and flexibilization
- 3. Party Autonomy
- a) Survey
- b) Ex post choice of law
- c) Indirect ex ante choice of law
- d) Direct ex ante choice of law: Rome II Regulation
- e) Direct ex ante choice: other jurisdictions
- f) Summary
- 4. Limits of Party Autonomy for Specific Torts
- 5. Conclusion: Comparative Assessment and Policy Considerations
- a) Party autonomy and its discontents
- b) Protection of the weaker party? About contract and tort
- c) Freedom of contract in substantive law and tort conflicts
- Section 3: Property Rights
- 1. The Development Towards Lex Situs
- a) The lex situs and its rationale
- b) A critical policy appraisal
- 2. Party Autonomy: Acquisition and Loss of Rights in Rem in Movables
- a) Inconveniences of the situs rule
- b) Party autonomy as a solution
- c) Indirect admission of party autonomy through an escape clause
- d) Choice-of-law clauses with inter partes effects
- e) Title retention clauses in export contracts
- f) Party autonomy for movable property
- g) Summary
- 3. Negotiable Instruments: Security Interests in Financial Collateral
- a) Changes of the commercial environment
- b) From lex situs to party autonomy
- 4. Intellectual Property
- a) Nature, development and territoriality of intellectual property rights
- b) The framework of the lex loci protectionis in international law
- c) The scope of party autonomy
- 5. Summary
- Section 4: Persons
- 1. Scope and History of the Law of Persons
- a) The law of persons
- a remainder of the Middle Ages
- b) Divergent policies.
- 2. Capacity and the Protection of Adults
- a) The rigidity of personal law
- b) First traces of party autonomy
- c) Enduring powers to act for incapable persons
- Section 5: Family
- 1. The Family, Family Law, and Basic Conflicts Law Orientations
- a) From social institution to family law
- b) Traditional choice-of-law approaches and party autonomy
- 2. The Effects of Marriage: Marital Property
- a) The main property regimes
- b) Dumoulin and French conflicts law
- c) A comparative survey over three conflicts principles
- d) Unification of conflicts law
- e) Conclusion
- 3. Divorce
- a) The significance and decline of marital status
- b) Basic orientations of the conflict of laws
- c) The decline of nationality as a connecting factor and its consequences
- d) The development towards party autonomy
- e) Rome III: Priority of party autonomy
- f) Conclusion
- 4. Maintenance
- a) Basic conflicts orientations
- b) Party autonomy and its exceptions under the 2007 Hague Protocol
- 5. Conclusion
- Section 6: Succession
- 1. Historical Evolution and Conflict Taboos
- 2. The Trend Towards Party Autonomy
- 3. Party Autonomy and Forced Heirship Restrictions in Present Conflicts Statutes
- 4. Conclusion
- Section 7 : Procedural Dispositions
- 1. Information on Foreign Law: the Division of Labour between the Parties and the Court
- 2. Strategic Options for the Parties
- a) Pleading of foreign law
- b) Procedural agreements
- c) Allegations in law
- Section 8: Conclusion
- 1. The Extension of Party Autonomy and its Social Background
- 2. Political Background: the Role of International Organizations
- 3. Limitations of Party Autonomy
- Chapter 4 Optional Law in Europe
- Section 1: The Europeanization of Private Law
- 1. Evolution
- 2. Types of Legislative Instruments.