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Costa Rica five years after CAFTA-DR : assessing early results /

For Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic Central America free trade agreement (CAFTA-DR) has been more than a trade agreement. Costa Rica has used trade liberalization and promotion of international trade as a core development strategy for decades. CAFTA-DR consolidated benefits that had previously be...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:	Libro Electrónico
Autor Corporativo:	World Bank
Otros Autores:	Koehler-Geib, Friederike, Sánchez, Susana M.
Formato:	Electrónico eBook
Idioma:	Inglés
Publicado:	Washington, DC : World Bank, [2015]
Colección:	Directions in development (Washington, D.C.). Trade.
Temas:	Since 1948 Free trade > Costa Rica. Libre-échange > Costa Rica. BUSINESS & ECONOMICS > Economics > General. BUSINESS & ECONOMICS > Reference. Commercial policy Economic history Economic policy Free trade Costa Rica > Economic conditions > 1948- Costa Rica > Commercial policy. Costa Rica > Economic policy. Costa Rica > Conditions économiques > 1948- Costa Rica
Acceso en línea:	Texto completo

Tabla de Contenidos:

Front Cover
Contents
Foreword
Acknowledgments
Contributors
Abbreviations
Overview
Trade and FDI Patterns
The High-Tech Sector: FDI and Export Performance
Insurance: The End of a Monopoly and a New Beginning for a Market
Telecommunications and the End of Another Monopoly
Intellectual Property Rights in CAFTA-DR and the Link to Pharmaceuticals in Costa Rica
Chapter 1 The Context of CAFTA-DR in Costa Rica
Introduction
CAFTA-DR in Historical Context
Economic Arguments for and against CAFTA-DR at the Time of Ratification
Legal and Regulatory Changes with CAFTA-DR
Trade and FDI Patterns with CAFTA-DR
Notes
References
Chapter 2 CAFTA-DR and the High-Tech Sector: FDI and Export Performance
Introduction
The Impacts of FTAs on FDI and Exports in Costa Rica's High-Tech Sector
CAFTA-DR and FDI in the High-Tech Sector: Evidence from Secondary Data
CAFTA-DR and Exports in the High-Tech Sector: Evidence from Secondary Data
CAFTA-DR, FDI, and MNC Performance in the High-Tech Sector: Findings from Online Surveys
CAFTA-DR, FDI, and Exports in the High-Tech Sector: Findings from Structured Interviews
Notes
References
Chapter 3 Insurance: The End of a Monopoly, and a New Beginning for a Market
Introduction and Summary
Legislative Change
Market Dynamics
Comparison with CAFTA-DR and Latin American Countries
Interpreting Recent Developments
Outlook
Notes
Chapter 4 Telecommunications and the End of Another Monopoly
Introduction and Summary
Legal and Regulatory Developments
The Entry of Private Mobile Service Providers
Liberalization Drives Improvements in Access to Telecommunications Services
Fixed-Line Telephone Services
Fixed Internet
Mobile Broadband Services.
Household Access to Telecommunications Services, Prices, and Quality of Services
Fixed Internet Services
Mobile Services
Mobile Broadband
Penetration in Rural Areas versus Urban Areas: FONATEL
The Contribution of the Telecommunications Sector to the Costa Rican Economy
Notes
References
Chapter 5 Intellectual Property Rights in CAFTA-DR and Pharmaceuticals in Costa Rica
Introduction
Intellectual Property Regulations for Pharmaceuticals in International Trade Treaties
Data Protection, New Chemical Entities, and Patent Linkages after CAFTA-DR
How Have CAFTA-DR's IP Rules Affected the CCSS?
Notes
References
Appendix A Legal Changes under CAFTA-DR
Note
Appendix B Costa Rica's Trade Partners
Appendix C Gravity Model
Introduction and Literature
Data
Model
Methodology and Results
Notes
References
Boxes
Box 2.1 Survey of Multinational Companies in High-Tech Sectors
Box 3.1 Comparing the Czech Republic, Poland, and Uruguay
Figures
Figure 1.1 Costa Rican Exports (FOB) to the United States, 2002-12
Figure 1.2 U.S. Imports (CIF) from CAFTA-DR Countries, 1980-2012
Figure 1.3 Costa Rican Quarterly Exports to the United States, 1997-2012
Figure 1.4 Costa Rican Quarterly Imports from the United States, 1997-2012
Figure 1.5 Composition of Total Exports of Costa Rican Goods (FOB), 1997-2013
Figure 1.6 Costa Rican Export Concentration Index of Agricultural Goods Relative to World Average, 1994-2011
Figure 1.7 FDI Inflows to Costa Rica by Country of Origin, 1997-2012
Figure 1.8 FDI Inflows to Costa Rica by Sector, 2004 versus 2012
Figure 2.1 Net FDI Inflows, 2000-11
Figure 2.2 FDI Inflows by Country of Origin
Figure 2.3 Number of MNCs in High-Tech Sectors
Figure 2.4 Average FDI Inflows in High-Tech Sector.
Figure 2.5 Costa Rica's Exports and Imports of Goods and Services, 1990-2011
Figure 2.6 Exports of Costa Rica's FTZs, 2002-12
Figure 2.7 Exports of High-Tech and Low-Tech Sectors of Costa Rica, 2004-12
Figure 2.8 Exports of Costa Rica to the United States by Sector, 2002-12
Figure 2.9 High-Tech Sector Exports in Costa Rica, 2000-11
Figure 2.10 Number of Surveyed Firms by Product Line of First Investment
Figure 2.11 Top Three Reasons for Last Investment in Costa Rica by Product Line of Last Investment
Figure 3.1 Explaining Non-Life Insurance Penetration Trends
Figure 3.2 Insurance Penetration Following Liberalization
Figure 3.3 Pace and Direction of Liberalization on Market Shares: Costa Rica Follows a Well-Worn Path
Figure 4.1 Sector Structure before and after CAFTA-DR
Figure 4.2 Mobile Cellular Lines in Costa Rica, 2003-12
Figure 4.3 Mobile Cellular Lines per 100 Inhabitants, Costa Rica and Selected Countries, 2003-12
Figure 4.4 Fixed Telephone Lines per 100 Inhabitants, Costa Rica and Selected Countries, 2003-12
Figure 4.5 Fixed Internet Connections in Costa Rica, 2006-12
Figure 4.6 Fixed Internet Connections per 100 Inhabitants, Costa Rica and Selected Countries, 2003-12
Figure 4.7 Mobile Broadband Connections in Costa Rica, 2009-12
Figure 4.8 Mobile Broadband Connections per 100 Inhabitants, Costa Rica and Selected Countries, 2005-12
Figure 4.9 Usage of Telecommunications Services in Costa Rica
Figure 4.10 Fixed Internet Download Speeds in Costa Rica, 2007-12
Figure 4.11 Fixed Internet Prices of One Mbps, Selected Countries, 2012
Figure 4.12 Cellular Prepaid Prices in U.S. Cents per Minute, Peak for Latin American Countries, 2010
Figure 4.13 Mobile Broadband Rates for Selected Countries
Figure 4.14 Telecommunications Sector, 2006-12.
Figure 5.1 Registration of Active Ingredients with the Ministry of Health in Costa Rica, 2003-12
Figure 5.2 Costa Rica Patent Requests, 2000-12
Figure 5.3 Costa Rica Patent Issues, 2000-12
Figure 5.4 CCSS Expenditures for Health Care and Medicine
Figure 5.5 Percentage Distribution of CCSS Medicine Expenditures by Therapeutic Group, 2007-12
Figure 5.6 CCSS Medicine Purchases by Type, 2003-12
Figure C.1 Costa Rican Quarterly Exports to the United States, 1997-2012
Figure C.2 Costa Rican Quarterly Imports from the United States, 1997-2012
Tables
Table 1.1 Top Export Products, Percentage of Total Exports, 2003-12
Table 2.1 Responses: How CAFTA-DR Impacted Firm Performance, Percentage of Surveyed Firms
Table 3.1 Trends in Market Size and Development
Table 3.2 Insurers Operating in Costa Rica since Liberalization
Table 3.3 Competition, Development, and Performance Indicators
Table 3.4 Total Assets (CRC Millions)
Table 3.5 Expense Ratios (Expenses as Percentage of Premiums)
Table 3.6 Comparative Insurance Market Data in CAFTA-DR and Latin America
Table B3.1.1 Comparative Statistics for Costa Rica, the Czech Republic, Poland, and Uruguay
Table 4.1 Concessions for Mobile Telecommunications Service, US
Table 4.2 Phases and Criteria for Cellular Concessions in Costa Rica
Table 4.3 Fixed Internet Prices in Costa Rica, US per Month, August 2013
Table 4.4 Cellular Prepaid Rates, US, 2008
Table 4.5 Tariffs, Prices, and Equivalent Tariffs for Selected Services
Table 4.6 Estimation of Consumer Surplus for Internet Access Services
Table 5.1 Pharmaceutical Products with Patent Linkage Protection
Table A.1 Legal Changes under CAFTA-DR
Table B.1 Stylized Facts on Regional Trade Patterns
Table C.1 OLS Estimation of Equation (1) Exports
Table C.2 OLS Estimation of Equation (2) Imports.

Costa Rica five years after CAFTA-DR : assessing early results /

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