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Spain : Growth with Jobs.
This report points to a number of areas where the Spanish Government and social partners could take action together to solidify recent gains and build a new path to more and better jobs.
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
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| Autor Corporativo: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Geneva :
International Labour Office,
2014.
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| Colección: | Studies in Growth with Equity.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- FOREWORD; ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS; TABLE OF CONTENTS; FIGURES; TABLES; BOXES; LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS; EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS; 1. ECONOMIC AND LABOUR MARKET PERFORMANCE: SIGNS OF RECOVERY; INTRODUCTION; A. MACROECONOMIC TRENDS: A REBOUND IN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY; Figure 1.1 Real GDP growth, Q1 2007 to Q1 2014; Figure 1.2 Contribution to GDP growth by main component; Figure 1.3 Share of exports to euro area and non-euro area countries; Figure 1.4 Contribution to export growth by type of product in 2013; Figure 1.5 Change in gross fixed capital formation as a percentage of GDP.
- Figure 1.6 Public deficit/surplus and debt as a share of GDPB. LABOUR MARKET PERFORMANCE; Figure 1.7 GDP and employment growth in selected countries; Figure 1.8 Employment losses by sector; Figure 1.9 Dependent employment losses by type of contract; Figure 1.10 Share of long-term unemployment in total unemployment; Box 1.1 Poverty and inequality in Spain; Table 1.1 Labour market performance in Q2 2014; Figure 1.11 Percentage change in the total number of operating enterprisesand self-employed workers; Figure 1.12 Growth rate of employment by industry activity in 2013.
- C. CONCLUDING REMARKSREFERENCES; 2. PRODUCTIVITY AND COMPETITIVENESS: TRENDS, DETERMINANTS AND POSSIBLE WAYS FORWARD; INTRODUCTION; A. FACTORS UNDERLYING THE TRENDS IN PRODUCTIVITY AND COMPETITIVENESS; Box 2.1 Unit labour cost (ULC) and real effective exchange rate (REER):; Figure 2.1 Decomposition of changes in REER between 1999 and 2009; Figure 2.2 GDP growth by factor, 2007-2011; Figure 2.3 Growth rates of nominal wages in selected countries; Figure 2.4 Average growth rate of real wages by economic sector; Figure 2.5 ULC-based REER in selected countries, 2000-2014.
- B. TIGHT CREDIT MARKETS: EFFECTS ON INVESTMENTS AND EMPLOYMENTFigure 2.6 Change in bank credit to non-financial corporations as a percentage of GDP in selected EU countries, 2003-2013; Figure 2.7 Interest rates on loans to non-financial corporations up to 0.25 million; Figure 2.8 Access to finance and employment in SMEs, 2009-2011; C. FIRMS' DEMOGRAPHY AND BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT; Figure 2.9 Enterprise creation; Figure 2.10 Survival rates at one and five years after firms' creation, 2009 and 2011; Figure 2.11 Employment growth in newly constituted enterprises, 2011.
- Box 2.2 The regulation of retail tradeBox 2.3 The Spanish electricity sector; D. POLICY CONSIDERATIONS; Box 2.4 Starting a business:; Table 2.1 Comparative performances between firms with and without PE and VC financing; Box 2.5 The role of PE and VC in determining companies' performances; Table 2.2 Policy response to improve SMEs' access to finance; Figure 2.12 Labour market effects of a decrease in bank loan interest rates; REFERENCES; 3. RE-ORIENTING LABOUR MARKET POLICIES FOR IMPROVED EMPLOYMENT AND SOCIAL OUTCOMES; INTRODUCTION.