Cost estimation : methods and tools /

"Provides a step-by-step introduction to the need for cost estimation, the various applications, and the available resources for obtaining relevant data"--

Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:Libro Electrónico
Autor principal: Mislick, Gregory K.
Otros Autores: Nussbaum, Daniel A., 1943-
Formato: Electrónico eBook
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Hoboken, New Jersey : Wiley, 2015.
Temas:
Costs, Industrial > Estimates.
Production management.
Coût de production > Devis estimatifs.
Production > Gestion.
BUSINESS & ECONOMICS > Management Science.
TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING > Operations Research.
BUSINESS & ECONOMICS > Production & Operations Management.
Costs, Industrial > Estimates
Production management
Acceso en línea:Texto completo
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Machine generated contents note: 1. "Looking Back: Reflections on Cost estimating"
  • Reference
  • 2. Introduction to Cost Estimating
  • 2.1. Introduction
  • 2.2. What is Cost Estimating?
  • 2.3. What Are the Characteristics of a Good Cost Estimate?
  • 2.4. Importance of Cost Estimating in DoD and in Congress. Why Do We Do Cost Estimating?
  • 2.4.1. Importance of Cost Estimating to Congress
  • 2.5. Overview of the DoD Acquisition Process
  • 2.6. Acquisition Categories (ACATs)
  • 2.7. Cost Estimating Terminology
  • Summary
  • References
  • Applications and Questions
  • 3. Non-DoD Acquisition and the Cost Estimating Process
  • 3.1. Introduction
  • 3.2. Who Practices Cost Estimation?
  • 3.3. Government Accountability Office (GAO) and the 12-Step Process
  • 3.4. Cost Estimating in Other Non-DoD Agencies and Organizations
  • 3.4.1. Intelligence Community (IC)
  • 3.4.2. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
  • 3.4.3. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
  • 3.4.4. Commercial Firms
  • 3.4.5. Cost Estimating Book of Knowledge (CEBOK)
  • 3.4.6. Federally Funded Research and Development Centers (FFRDCs)
  • 3.4.7. Institute for Defense Analysis (IDA)
  • 3.4.8. Mitre Corporation
  • 3.4.9. Rand Corporation
  • 3.5. Cost Estimating Process
  • 3.6. Definition and Planning. Knowing the Purpose of the Estimate
  • 3.6.1. Definition and Planning. Defining the System
  • 3.6.2. Definition and Planning. Establishing the Ground Rules and Assumptions
  • 3.6.3. Definition and Planning. Selecting the Estimating Approach
  • 3.6.4. Definition and Planning. Putting the Team Together
  • 3.7. Data Collection
  • 3.8. Formulation of the Estimate
  • 3.9. Review and Documentation
  • 3.10. Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)
  • 3.10.1. Program Work Breakdown Structure
  • 3.10.2. Military-Standard (MIL-STD) 881C
  • 3.11. Cost Element Structure (CES)
  • Summary
  • References
  • Applications and Questions
  • 4. Data Sources
  • 4.1. Introduction
  • 4.2. Background and Considerations to Data Collection
  • 4.2.1. Cost Data
  • 4.2.2. Technical Data
  • 4.2.3. Programmatic Data
  • 4.2.4. Risk Data
  • 4.3. Cost Reports and Earned Value Management (EVM)
  • 4.3.1. Contractor Cost Data Reporting (CCDR)
  • 4.3.2. Contract Performance Report (CPR)
  • 4.3.3. EVM Example
  • 4.4. Cost Databases
  • 4.4.1. Defense Cost and Resource Center (DCARC)
  • 4.4.2. Operating and Support Costs Databases
  • 4.4.3. Defense Acquisition Management Information Retrieval (DAMIR)
  • Summary
  • Reference
  • Applications and Questions
  • 5. Data Normalization
  • 5.1. Introduction
  • 5.2. Background to Data Normalization
  • 5.3. Normalizing for Content
  • 5.4. Normalizing for Quantity
  • 5.5. Normalizing for Inflation
  • 5.6. DoD Appropriations and Background
  • 5.7. Constant Year Dollars (CY$)
  • 5.8. Base Year Dollars (BY$)
  • 5.9. DoD Inflation Indices
  • 5.10. Then Year Dollars (TY$)
  • 5.11. Using the Joint Inflation Calculator (JIC)
  • 5.12. Expenditure (Outlay) Profile
  • Summary
  • References
  • Applications and Questions
  • 6. Statistics for Cost Estimators
  • 6.1. Introduction
  • 6.2. Background to Statistics
  • 6.3. Margin of Error
  • 6.4. Taking a Sample
  • 6.5. Measures of Central Tendency
  • 6.6. Dispersion Statistics
  • 6.7. Coefficient of Variation
  • Summary
  • References
  • General Reference
  • Applications and Questions
  • 7. Linear Regression Analysis
  • 7.1. Introduction
  • 7.2. Home Buying Example
  • 7.3. Regression Background and Nomenclature
  • 7.4. Evaluating a Regression
  • 7.5. Standard Error (SE)
  • 7.6. Coefficient of Variation (CV)
  • 7.7. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
  • 7.8. Coefficient of Determination (R2)
  • 7.9. F-Statistic and t-Statistics
  • 7.10. Regression Hierarchy
  • 7.11. Staying Within the Range of Your Data
  • 7.12. Treatment of Outliers
  • 7.12.1. Handling Outliers with Respect to X (The Independent Variable Data)
  • 7.12.2. Handling Outliers with Respect to Y (The Dependent Variable Data)
  • 7.13. Residual Analysis
  • 7.14. Assumptions of Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) Regression
  • Summary
  • Reference
  • Applications and Questions
  • 8. Multi-Variable Linear Regression Analysis
  • 8.1. Introduction
  • 8.2. Background of Multi-Variable Linear Regression
  • 8.3. Home Prices
  • 8.4. Multi-Collinearity (MC)
  • 8.5. Detecting Multi-Collinearity (MC), Method #1: Widely Varying Regression Slope Coefficients
  • 8.6. Detecting Multi-Collinearity, Method #2: Correlation Matrix
  • 8.7. Multi-Collinearity Example #1: Home Prices
  • 8.8. Determining Statistical Relationships between Independent Variables
  • 8.9. Multi-Collinearity Example #2: Weapon Systems
  • 8.10. Conclusions of Multi-Collinearity
  • 8.11. Multi-Variable Regression Guidelines
  • Summary
  • Applications and Questions
  • 9. Intrinsically Linear Regression
  • 9.1. Introduction
  • 9.2. Background of Intrinsically Linear Regression
  • 9.3. Multiplicative Model
  • 9.4. Data Transformation
  • 9.5. Interpreting the Regression Results
  • Summary
  • Reference
  • Applications and Questions
  • 10. Learning Curves: Unit Theory
  • 10.1. Introduction
  • 10.2. Learning Curve, Scenario #1
  • 10.3. Cumulative Average Theory Overview
  • 10.4. Unit Theory Overview
  • 10.5. Unit Theory
  • 10.6. Estimating Lot Costs
  • 10.7. Fitting a Curve Using Lot Data
  • 10.7.1. Lot Midpoint
  • 10.7.2. Average Unit Cost (AUC)
  • 10.8. Unit Theory, Final Example (Example 10.5)
  • 10.9. Alternative LMP and Lot Cost Calculations
  • Summary
  • References
  • Applications and Questions
  • 11. Learning Curves: Cumulative Average Theory
  • 11.1. Introduction
  • 11.2. Background of Cumulative Average Theory (CAT)
  • 11.3. Cumulative Average Theory
  • 11.4. Estimating Lot Costs
  • 11.5. Cumulative Average Theory, Final Example
  • 11.6. Unit Theory vs.
  • Cumulative Average Theory
  • 11.6.1. Learning Curve Selection
  • Summary
  • Applications and Questions
  • 12. Learning curves: production Breaks/Lost Learning
  • 12.1. Introduction
  • 12.2. Lost Learning Process
  • 12.3. Production Break Scenario
  • 12.4. Anderlohr Method
  • 12.5. Production Breaks Example
  • 12.6. Retrograde Method, Example 12.1 (Part 2)
  • Summary
  • References
  • Applications and Questions
  • 13. Wrap Rates and Step-Down Functions
  • 13.1. Introduction
  • 13.2. Wrap Rate Overview
  • 13.3. Wrap Rate Components
  • 13.3.1. Direct Labor Rate
  • 13.3.2. Overhead Rate
  • 13.3.3. Other Costs
  • 13.4. Wrap Rate, Final Example (Example 13.2)
  • 13.5. Summary of Wrap Rates
  • 13.6. Introduction to Step-Down Functions
  • 13.7. Step-Down Function Theory
  • 13.8. Step-Down Function Example 13.1
  • 13.9. Summary of Step-Down Functions
  • Reference
  • Applications and Questions
  • 14. Cost Factors and the Analogy Technique
  • 14.1. Introduction
  • 14.2. Cost Factors Scenario
  • 14.3. Cost Factors
  • 14.4. Which Factor to Use?
  • 14.5. Cost Factors Handbooks
  • 14.6. Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC)
  • 14.7. Summary of Cost Factors
  • 14.8. Introduction to the Analogy Technique
  • 14.9. Background of Analogy
  • 14.10. Methodology
  • 14.11. Example 14.1, Part 1: The Historical WBS
  • 14.12. Example 14.1, Part 2: The New WBS
  • 14.13. Summary of the Analogy Technique
  • Reference
  • Applications and Questions
  • 15. Software Cost Estimation
  • 15.1. Introduction
  • 15.2. Background on Software Cost Estimation
  • 15.3. What is Software?
  • 15.4. WBS Elements in a typical Software Cost Estimating Task
  • 15.5. Software Costing Characteristics and Concerns
  • 15.6. Measuring Software Size: Source Lines of Code (SLOC) and Function Points (FP)
  • 15.6.1. Source Lines of Code: (SLOC)
  • 15.6.2. Function Point (FP) Analysis
  • 15.7. Software Cost Estimating Process
  • 15.8. Problems with Software Cost Estimating: Cost Growth
  • 15.9. Commercial Software Availability
  • 15.9.1. COTS in the Software Environment
  • 15.10. Post Development Software Maintenance Costs
  • Summary
  • References
  • 16. Cost Benefit Analysis and Risk and Uncertainty
  • 16.1. Introduction
  • 16.2. Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) and Net Present Value (NPV) Overview
  • 16.3. Time Value of Money
  • 16.4. Example 16.1. Net Present Value
  • 16.5. Risk and Uncertainly Overview
  • 16.6. Considerations for Handling Risk and Uncertainty
  • 16.7. How do the Uncertainties Affect our Estimate?
  • 16.8. Cumulative Cost and Monte Carlo Simulation
  • 16.9. Suggested Resources on Risk and Uncertainty Analysis
  • Summary
  • References
  • Applications and Questions
  • 17. Epilogue: The Field of Cost Estimating and Analysis.

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