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Universal health coverage for inclusive and sustainable development : lessons from Japan /
The goals of universal health coverage (UHC) are to ensure that all people can access quality health services, to safeguard all people from public health risks, and to protect all people from impoverishment due to illness, whether from out-of-pocket payments for health care or loss of income when a...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
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| Otros Autores: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Washington, D.C. :
World Bank Group,
©2014.
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| Colección: | World Bank study.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Front Cover; Contents; Foreword; Acknowledgments; Abbreviations; Overview; Overview of Current Status; Tables; Table I.1 Data Overview of Japan; Current Status of Health Financing; Figures; Figure I.1 Subsidies and Cross-Subsidization among Social Insurance Programs; Current Status and Policies for Human Resources for Health; Table I.2 Current Status of Human Resources for Health; Sequencing of Reforms; Key Lessons from Japan; Case Studies on Japan; Bibliography; Chapter 1The Political-Historical Context of Japanese Health Care; Abstract; Context and Objectives
- Origins of Health Care in JapanBoxes; Box 1.1 Key Features of Japan's Political System; Box 1.2 CHI: Residence-Based Health Insurance; Figure B1.1 Health Insurance Programs in Japan; Health Insurance for All; Drive for Equality and Expansion; Switch to Spending Restraint; Continued Attempts to Control Public Spending; "Collapse of Medical Care"; Insights; Notes; Bibliography; Chapter 2Macroeconomic Context and Challenges for Maintaining Universal Health Coverage in Japan; Abstract; Objectives; Decline in Economic Growth and Its Impact on Fiscal Space; Figure 2.1 Real GDP Growth
- Figure 2.3 Ratio of Social Security Contributions and Taxes per GDPFigure 2.2 Real Per Capita Employee Compensation; Widening Income Disparities; Figure 2.4 Trends in General Account Tax Revenues and Total Expenditures; Figure 2.5 Ratio of General Government Gross Debt to GDP; Figure 2.6 Income Inequality and Other Factors Contributing to Income Redistribution; Figure 2.7 Gini Coefficient by Age Group, 1984 and 2011; Redistribution Effects of Taxes and Social Security; Changes in Funding Sources; Figure 2.8 Benefits and Social Security Contribution by Income Class, 1967 and 2011
- Impact of Aging on Fiscal SpaceFigure 2.9 Changes in Funding Sources of Health Expenditures, 1954-2011; Figure 2.10 Per Capita Health Expenditures, by Age Group, 2001 and 2010; Figure 2.11 Percentage of Population Aged 65 Years Old and Over, 1950-2010; Figure 2.12 Health Expenditures, by Age Group, 1977-2010; Table 2.1 Factors Increasing Health Expenditures, 2002-12; Prospects for Improving Fiscal Space; Figure 2.13 Health Insurance Premium Payments and Benefits, by Age Group, 2011; Insights; Notes; Bibliography; Chapter 3Fiscal Disparities among Social Health Insurance Programs in Japan
- AbstractObjectives and Context; Overview of SHI Programs; Figure 3.1 Flow of Money in SHI Programs, 2011; Figure 3.2 Age Distributions of Enrollees in CHI and SMHI, 1970 and 2010; Figure 3.3 Occupation Distribution of CHI Enrollees; Figure 3.4 Subsidies from the National Government to SHI; Changes in the Fiscal State of CHI; Figure 3.5 Trends in the Composition of CHI Revenue; Effects of Fiscal Transfers to Reduce Disparities in CHI Premium Rates; Figure 3.6 CHI Premium Rates, Taxable Income per Enrollee, and Benefit Expenditures