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Mercury Control : for Coal-Derived Gas Streams.
This essential handbook and ready reference offers a detailed overview of the existing and currently researched technologies available for the control of mercury in coal-derived gas streams and that are viable for meeting the strict standards set by environmental protection agencies. Written by an i...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
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| Autor principal: | |
| Otros Autores: | , |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Hoboken :
Wiley,
2014.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Mercury Control; Contents; List of Contributors; Mercury R & D Book Foreword; Preface; List of Abbreviations; Part I: Mercury in the Environment: Origin, Fate, and Regulation; Chapter 1 Mercury in the Environment; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Mercury as a Chemical Element; 1.2.1 Physical and Chemical Properties of the Forms of Mercury; 1.2.2 Associations with Minerals and Fuels; 1.3 Direct Uses of Mercury; 1.4 Atmospheric Transport and Deposition; 1.5 Atmospheric Reactions and Lifetime; 1.6 Mercury Biogeochemical Cycling; References; Chapter 2 Mercury and Halogens in Coal; 2.1 Introduction.
- 2.1.1 Mode of Occurrence of Mercury (Hg) in Coal2.1.2 Effectiveness of Pre-Combustion Mercury Removal; 2.1.3 Methods for Mercury Determination; 2.2 Mercury in U.S. Coals; 2.2.1 U.S. Coal Databases; 2.2.1.1 USGS COALQUAL Database; 2.2.1.2 1999 EPA ICR; 2.2.1.3 2010 EPA ICR; 2.2.2 Comparison of U.S. Coal Databases; 2.3 Mercury in International Coals; 2.3.1 Review of Mercury in Coal in the Largest Coal Producers; 2.3.1.1 China; 2.3.1.2 India; 2.3.1.3 Australia; 2.3.1.4 South Africa; 2.3.1.5 Russian Federation; 2.3.1.6 Indonesia; 2.4 Halogens in Coal; 2.4.1 Introduction; 2.4.1.1 Chlorine (Cl).
- 2.4.1.2 Bromine (Br)2.4.1.3 Iodine (I); 2.4.1.4 Fluorine (F); 2.5 Summary; Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 3 Regulations; 3.1 U.S. Regulations; 3.1.1 Background; 3.1.2 Electric Generating Units (EGUs); 3.1.3 Mercury and Air Toxics Standards (""MATS"")
- Existing Sources; 3.1.4 Mercury and Air Toxics Standards (""MATS"")
- New Sources; References; Chapter 4 International Legislation and Trends; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 International Legislation; 4.2.1 UNEP International Legally Binding Instrument on Mercury (""Minamata Convention""); 4.2.2 European Union (EU).
- 4.3 Regional and National Legislation4.3.1 Europe; 4.3.1.1 Germany; 4.3.1.2 Netherlands; 4.3.2 Asia; 4.3.2.1 China; 4.3.2.2 Japan; 4.3.2.3 Other Asian Countries; 4.3.3 Other Countries; 4.3.3.1 Australia; 4.3.3.2 Canada; 4.3.3.3 Russia; 4.3.3.4 South Africa; 4.4 Summary; References; Part II: Mercury Measurement in Coal Gas; Chapter 5 Continuous Mercury Monitors for Fossil Fuel-Fired Utilities; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Components of a CMM; 5.2.1 Mercury Analyzer; 5.2.1.1 Cold-Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrometry; 5.2.1.2 Cold-Vapor Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry; 5.2.1.3 Other Analytical Methods.
- 5.2.2 Pretreatment/Conversion Systems and Probe5.2.2.1 Sampling Probe; 5.2.2.2 Pretreatment and Mercury Conversion; 5.2.3 CMM Calibration System; 5.3 Installation and Verification Requirements; 5.3.1 Installation; 5.3.2 CMM Verification; 5.3.2.1 Measurement Error; 5.3.2.2 Seven-Day Calibration Drift; 5.3.2.3 Relative Accuracy Test Audit; 5.4 Major CMM Tests; 5.5 CMM Vendors; References; Chapter 6 Batch Methods for Mercury Monitoring; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Wet Chemistry Batch Methods; 6.2.1 Early EPA Total Hg Methods; 6.2.2 Development of Wet Chemistry Methods to Speciate Hg.