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Water conservation in urban households : role of prices, policies and technologies /
On the one hand, population and economic growth are increasing the demand for water but on the other, environmental consequences of climate change, pollution and over extraction of groundwater are decreasing the world's supply of fresh water. This makes the availability of water for human use o...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
London :
IWA Publishing,
2014.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- ""Cover""; ""Copyright""; ""Contents""; ""List of Figures""; ""List of Tables""; ""List of Boxes""; ""About the Author""; ""Preface""; ""Chapter 1: Water Conservation: The Answer to Water Shortagein the 21st Century""; ""1.1 The Changing Water Paradigm""; ""1.2 Human Right to Water""; ""1.3 Water as an Economic Good""; ""1.4 Water Use Efficiency""; ""1.5 The Benefits of Water Conservation""; ""1.5.1 Benefits to consumers""; ""1.5.2 Benefits to utilities""; ""1.5.3 Benefits to the environment""; ""1.5.4 Benefits to the economy""; ""1.6 Water Consumption in Urban Households""
- ""1.7 Conclusion""""Endnotes""; ""Chapter 2: Determinants of Domestic Water Consumption: Theories and Observations""; ""2.1 Theories of Environmental Beliefs and Behaviours""; ""2.2 Determinants of Domestic Water Consumption""; ""2.2.1 Household income""; ""2.2.2 Household size and age composition""; ""2.2.3 Attitudes, social norms, and behaviour""; ""2.2.4 Water price""; ""2.2.5 Dwelling type and ownership""; ""2.2.6 Regulatory policies""; ""2.2.7 Technology""; ""2.2.8 Climatic variations""; ""2.3 Conclusion""; ""Endnote""; ""Chapter 3: Role of Prices: Water Tariffs""
- ""3.1 Overview of Water and Wastewater Tariffs""""3.2 Analysis of Water and Wastewater Tariffs""; ""3.2.1 Two part tariff: fixed + volumetric charges""; ""3.2.2 Single part tariff: increasing block tariffs""; ""3.2.3 Single part tariff: constant unit charges""; ""3.2.4 Single part tariff: decreasing block tariffs""; ""3.2.5 Single part tariff: seasonal water pricing""; ""3.2.6 Additional tariff components: conservation taxes""; ""3.2.7 Income based measures: discounts or payment assistance""; ""3.2.8 Income based measures: subsidised network connections""
- ""3.2.9 Unmetered flat tariff structure""""3.3. Objectives of Water Pricing""; ""3.3.1. Revenue sufficiency""; ""3.3.2. Affordability""; ""3.3.3. Equity""; ""3.3.4. Demand management""; ""3.4. Water Pricing as a Tool for Conservation""; ""3.4.1. Designing a conservation oriented rate structure""; ""3.4.2. Communication of the price signal through consumer billing""; ""3.5. Conclusion""; ""Endnotes""; ""Chapter 4: Role of Policy: Regulations and Conservation Programs""; ""4.1 Restriction on Specific Water Use Activities""; ""4.1.1 Costs of restrictions""; ""4.1.2 Benefits of restrictions""
- ""4.1.3 Consumers� willingness to pay to avoid restrictions""""4.2 Promotion of Water-Saving Devices""; ""4.3 Public Awareness Campaigns""; ""4.4 Conclusion""; ""Chapter 5: Role of Techonology: Water Saving Devices""; ""5.1 Overview of Water Saving Devices""; ""5.1.1 Toilets""; ""5.1.2 Shower heads""; ""5.1.3 Faucets""; ""5.1.4 Washing machines""; ""5.1.5 Urinals""; ""5.1.6 Dishwashers""; ""5.2 Adoption of Water Efficient Devices""; ""5.3 Water Efficiency Labelling""; ""5.4 Rebates to Promote Water Efficient Fixtures""; ""5.5 Conclusion""