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The Arctic in the Anthropocene : emerging research questions /
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Autores Corporativos: | , , , |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Washington, District of Columbia :
The National Academies Press,
2014.
|
| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- 1. Introduction
- Study Context and Charge to the Committee
- Study Approach and Methodology
- Report Organization
- 2. Rationale For Continued Arctic Research
- 3. Emerging Questions
- Evolving Arctic
- Will Arctic communities have greater or lesser influence on their futures?
- Will the land be wetter or drier, and what are the associated implications for surface water, energy balances, and ecosystems?
- How much of the variability of the Arctic system is linked to ocean circulation?
- What are the impacts of extreme events in the new ice-reduced system?
- How will primary productivity change with decreasing sea ice and snow cover?
- How will species distributions and associated ecosystem structure change with the evolving cryosphere?
- Hidden Arctic
- What surprises are hidden within and beneath the ice?
- What is being irretrievably lost as the Arctic changes?
- Why does winter matter?
- What can "break or brake" glaciers and ice sheets?
- How unusual is the current Arctic warmth?
- What is the role of the Arctic in abrupt change?
- What has been the Cenozoic evolution of the Arctic Ocean Basin?
- Connected Arctic
- How will rapid Arctic warming change the jet stream and affect weather patterns in lower latitudes?
- What is the potential for a trajectory of irreversible loss of Arctic land ice, and how will its impact vary regionally?
- How will climate change affect exchanges between the Arctic Ocean and subpolar basins?
- How will Arctic change affect the long-range transport and persistence of biota?
- How will changing societal connections between the Arctic and the rest of the world affect Arctic communities?
- Managed Arctic
- How will decreasing populations in rural villages and increasing urbanization affect Arctic peoples and societies?
- Will local, regional, and international relations in the Arctic move toward cooperation or conflict?
- How can 21st-century development in the Arctic occur without compromising the environment or Indigenous cultures while still benefiting global and Arctic inhabitants?
- How can we prepare forecasts and scenarios to meet emerging management needs?
- What benefits and risks are presented by geoengineering and other large-scale technological interventions to prevent or reduce climate change and associated impacts in the Arctic?
- Undetermined Arctic
- Priority Setting
- 4. Meeting The Challenges
- Enhancing Cooperation
- Interagency
- International
- Interdisciplinary
- Intersectoral
- Cooperation through Social Media
- Sustaining Long-Term Observations
- Rationale for Long-Term Observations
- Coordinating Long-Term Observation Efforts
- Managing and Sharing Information.
- Preserving the Legacy of Research through Data Preservation and Dissemination
- Creating a Culture of Data Preservation and Sharing
- Infrastructure to Ensure Data Flows from Observation to Users, Stakeholders, and Archives
- Data Visualization and Analysis
- Maintaining and Building Operational Capacity
- Mobile Platforms
- Fixed Platforms and Systems
- Remote Sensing
- Sensors
- Power and Communication
- Models in Prediction, Projection, and Re-Analyses
- Partnerships with Industry
- Growing Human Capacity
- Community Engagement
- Investing in Research
- Comprehensive Systems and Synthesis Research
- Non-Steady-State Research
- Social Sciences and Human Capacity
- Stakeholder-Initiated Research
- International Funding Cooperation
- Long-Term Observations
- 5. Building Knowledge And Solving Problems
- REFERENCES
- APPENDIXES
- A. Acronyms and Abbreviations
- B. Speaker and Interviewee Acknowledgments
- C. Summary of Questionnaire Responses.