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Urban China : Toward Efficient, Inclusive, and Sustainable Urbanization /
In the last 30 years, China's record economic growth lifted half a billion people out of poverty, with rapid urbanization providing abundant labor, cheap land, and good infrastructure. While China has avoided some of the common ills of urbanization, strains are showing as inefficient land devel...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Washington, DC :
World Bank Group,
©2014.
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| Colección: | World Bank e-Library.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Cover; Contents; Foreword; Acknowledgments; Executive Summary; Abbreviations; Part I: Overview; Introduction; Achievements and Emerging Challenges; 1 China's Urbanization Achievements; Figures; 0.1 China's rapid urbanization from an international perspective; 2 Efficiency; 0.2 Productive gains from reallocating labor and capital are almost exhausted; Tables; 0.1 Returns on capital are declining over time: China compared with Japan, Korea, and Taiwan, China; 0.3 Guangzhou could accommodate 4.2 million more people with Seoul's density profile.
- 0.4 Gross land revenues are large, but net revenues are declining0.5 Consumption share and GDP per capita, select East Asian countries; 0.6 Services and urbanization in East Asia; 3 Inclusion; 0.7 China's rising inequality; Boxes; 0.1 Residency rights in the European Union, the United States, the former Soviet Union, and Japan; 0.2 Social Housing; 4 Sustainability; 0.2 China's carbon emissions and drivers of growth; 0.8 Air pollution declined over time ... but the costs of air pollution have been rising. Particulate matter pollution and estimated health damages in urban China, 2003-11.
- 0.9 Land requisition is outpacing urban land use0.3 Feeding China's cities; B0.3.1 Self-sufficiency ratios for grain in Asian countries; B0.3.2 Food consumption in energy equivalents and income; 0.10 Impact of urban density on carbon emissions for transport and infrastructures: road, water, and wastewater network lengths; The Reform Agenda; 5 A Strategy for Reform; 0.3 China's urbanization scenarios; 0.4 Urbanization costs and fiscal space: Baseline and reform scenarios; 6 Reforming China's Land Management; 0.4 Expropriations in Taiwan, China.
- 0.5 Seoul becomes a global city by recalibrating regulations and market instruments0.6 The lack of connectivity and fine grain networks in Chinese urban development; 0.7 Comparing urban densities in two areas of Shanghai; 0.8 Seoul's spatial strategy: Differentiation and higher densities around metro nodes; 7 Reforming Hukou, Social Services, and Labor Market Institutions; 8 Reforming Urban Finance; 0.9 European Union rules on investment incentives; 0.10 Land value capture; 9 Promoting Greener Urbanization; 0.11 Water and wastewater tariffs; 10 Ensuring Food Security.
- 11 Timing, Sequencing, and RisksPart II: Supporting Reports; 1 Urbanization and Economic Growth; Introduction; Urbanization and growth at a crossroads; 1.1 China's impressive economic growth has been accompanied by a massive population shift into urban areas; 1.1 Urbanization and economic growth; B1.1.1 Urbanization is inextricably linked to economic growth; 1.2 Growth is increasingly dependent on capital accumulation as productivity from reallocation of labor and capital is declining; 1.1 Incremental capital-output ratio in China and other economies, various periods.
- 1.3 Small cities are less efficient users of capital, increasingly so over time, 1995-2011.