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The Galapagos.
The Galápagos Islands are renown for their unique flora and fauna, inspiring Charles Darwin in the elaboration of his theory of evolution. Yet in his Voyage of the Beagle, published in 1839, Darwin also remarked on the fascinating geology and volcanic origin of these enchanted Islands. Since then,...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Autor principal: | |
| Otros Autores: | , , |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Hoboken :
Wiley,
2014.
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| Colección: | Geophysical monograph ;
204. |
| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Geophysical Monograph Series; Copyright; Contents; Contributors; Foreword: Darwin's Perspective; Foreword: The Galápagos as a Natural Laboratory; References; Acknowledgments; Chapter 1 Introduction; Chapter 2 Contrasting Volcanism in Hawai'i and the Galápagos; 2.1. Introduction; 2.2. Magma Supply; 2.2.1. Competition for magma supply and interactions between volcanoes; 2.2.2. Archipelago-scale magma supply; 2.3. Magma Storage; 2.3.1. Characteristics of magma storage; 2.3.2. Magma storage beneath volcanic flanks; 2.4. Volcano Morphology and Structure; 2.4.1. Volcano shape.
- 2.4.2. Pattern of eruptive fissures2.4.3. Calderas; 2.4.4. Intracaldera faulting; 2.4.5. Flank instability; 2.5. Volcanic Eruptions and Volcano Evolution; 2.5.1. Eruption style; 2.5.2. Volcano evolution; 2.6. Conclusions; 2.7. Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 3 Galápagos and Easter: A Tale of Two Hotspots; 3.1. Introduction; 3.2. The Galápagos Islands; 3.3. Easter-Salas y Gómez Seamount Chain; 3.4. Discussion; 3.4.1. Plumes at the edges of the LLSVP; 3.4.2. Plume-Ridge Interaction Effects; 3.4.3. Orientation of the chemical boundary; 3.4.4. Geochemical heterogeneity of the Pacific LLSVP.
- 3.5. Conclusions3.6. Acknowledgments; 3.7. Author Contributions; References; Chapter 4 Eruption Rates for Fernandina Volcano: A New Chronology at the Galápagos Hotspot Center; 4.1. Introduction; 4.2. Sampling and Analytical Details; 4.3. Constraints on Flow Mapping; 4.4. Eruption Rate Estimate from Young Flows; 4.5. Age of Oldest Lava Flows; 4.6. Magmatic/Mantle Helium and Galápagos Geographic Variability; 4.7. Conclusions; 4.8. Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 5 Galápagos Magma Chambers; 5.1. Introduction; 5.2. Evidence from Volcanic History and Geomorphology.
- 5.3. Evidence from Deformation and Gravity5.4. Evidence from Magma Compositions and Crystals; 5.5. Petrologic Monitoring of Eruptions; 5.6. Summary of Interpretations; 5.7. An Evolutionary Model for Mushy Magma Chambers; 5.8. Conclusions: the Dynamic and Thermal Evolution of Galápagos Magma Chambers; 5.9. Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 6 The Geology and Geochemistry of Isla Floreana, Galápagos: A Different Type of Late-Stage Ocean Island Volcanism; 6.1. Introduction; 6.2. Geologic Background; 6.3. Methods; 6.4. Results; 6.4.1. Geologic development of Floreana.
- 6.4.2. Petrography of Floreana lavas6.4.3. Mineral compositions; 6.4.4. Major element compositions; 6.4.5. Trace element compositions; 6.4.6. Strontium, Neodymium, and Lead isotopic ratios; 6.4.7. Age determinations; 6.5. Discussion; 6.5.1. Geologic development of Floreana; 6.5.2. Petrogenetic model; 6.5.3. The trace element composition of the Floreana ("FLO") component; 6.5.4. Late-stage volcanism in Galápagos; 6.6. Conclusions; 6.7. Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 7 Plate Tectonics, Evolution, and the Survival of Species: A Modern Day Hotspot; 7.1. Introduction; 7.2. Tectonic Setting.