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NPH - Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus : Pathophysiology - Diagnosis - Treatment.
Often misunderstood and misdiagnosed, normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a disease of the elderly that is on the rise as the population ages. Its similarities to Parkinsons disease, dementia and other chronic neurodegenerative conditions make diagnosis challenging, requiring clinicians to be ale...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Thieme,
2014.
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| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus: Pathophysiology Diagnosis Treatment; Title Page ; Copyright; Contributors; Preface; Contents; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Why a Book about NPH?; 2 Epidemiology of Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus; 2.1 Epidemiologic Studies; 2.1.1 Trenkwalder et al (1995); 2.1.2 Tisell et al (2005); 2.1.3 Marmarou et al (2007); 2.1.4 Hiraoka et al (2008); 2.1.5 Brean and Eide (2008); 2.1.6 Brean et al (2009); 2.1.7 Tanaka et al (2009); 2.1.8 Iseki et al (2009); 2.1.9 Klassen and Ahlskog (2011); 2.2 Discussion; 2.3 Summary; 3 History; 3.1 Early History.
- 3.2 Hydrocephalus and its Treatment in the 19th and 20th Centuries3.3 Development of Modern Shunt Concepts; 3.4 Hakim and the Discovery of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus; 3.5 Modern Shunt Technology and Perspectives; 4 Clinical Characteristics and Differential Diagnosis; 4.1 Natural History; 4.2 Symptoms of iNPH; 4.2.1 Main Symptoms; 4.2.2 Other Symptoms; 4.3 Differential Diagnosis; 4.3.1 Secondary NPH and Chronic Obstructive Hydrocephalus; 4.3.2 Parkinson Disease; 4.3.3 Alzheimer Disease; 4.3.4 Binswanger Disease (Subcortical Vascular Dementia); 4.3.5 Brain Atrophy; 4.3.6 Cervical Myelopathy.
- 4.3.7 Lumbar Spinal Canal Stenosis4.4 Summary; 5 Pathophysiology; 5.1 What Causes iNPH? Theories Proposed by the Discoverers and the Bulk Flow Theory; 5.2 Inner Contradictions; 6 Noninvasive DiagnosticWork-up; 6.1 Evaluation of the Patient's Medical History; 6.2 Clinical Examination; 6.2.1 Evaluating Gait Disturbance; 6.2.2 Evaluating Incontinence; 6.2.3 Neuropsychological Testing; 6.3 Summary; 7 Imaging; 7.1 Computed Tomography; 7.2 Subjective Assessment of Ventricular Size and Shape; 7.3 Indices; 7.3.1 Evans Index; 7.3.2 Other Indices; 7.3.3 Third Ventricle Diameter.
- 7.4 MRI/Phase-Contrast MRI7.5 Diffusion Tensor Imaging; 7.6 Multifrequency Magnetic Resonance Elastography; 7.7 Direct Postoperative Imaging; 7.8 Imaging for Routine Follow-Up; 7.9 Native Radiography/Valve Setting; 7.10 Using Imaging for Troubleshooting; 7.10.1 Overdrainage; 7.10.2 Underdrainage; 8 Invasive Diagnostic Work-up; 8.1 Intracranial Pressure Monitoring; 8.2 Lumbar Infusion Test; 8.2.1 Outflow Resistance; 8.2.2 Calculation Procedure; 8.2.3 Dynamic Infusion Test Within the Investigation Chain; 8.3 CSF Tap Test; 8.4 External Lumbar Drainage; 8.5 CSF and Serum Biochemical Tests.
- 8.6 Diagnostic Pathway9 Shunt and Valve Technology; 9.1 Definition; 9.2 Types; 9.3 Physical Basics; 9.4 Hydrostatic Pressure; 9.5 Physics of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunts; 9.6 Ventriculoatrial Shunts; 9.7 Classification of Valves; 9.8 Adjustable Differential Pressure Valves; 9.9 Hydrostatic Devices; 9.9.1 Adjustable Hydrostatic Devices; 10 Shunt and Valve Settings; 10.1 Shunt Settings; 10.2 Shunt Settings; 10.2.1 Ventriculoatrial versus Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt; 10.2.2 Frontal versus Parietal/Occipital Bore Hole; 10.2.3 Selection of Valve Opening Pressure.