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Stirling Cycle Engines : Inner Workings and Design.

Some 200 years after the original invention, internal design of a Stirling engine has come to be considered a specialist task, calling for extensive experience and for access to sophisticated computer modelling. The low parts-count of the type is negated by the complexity of the gas processes by whi...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Clasificación:	Libro Electrónico
Autor principal:	Organ, Allan J.
Formato:	Electrónico eBook
Idioma:	Inglés
Publicado:	Wiley, 2013.
Temas:	Stirling engines. Stirling engines > Design and construction. Stirling, Moteurs. Stirling engines Stirling engines > Design and construction
Acceso en línea:	Texto completo

Tabla de Contenidos:

Stirling Cycle Engines
Contents
About the Author
Foreword
Preface
Notation
1 Stirling myth
and Stirling reality
1.1 Expectation
1.2 Myth by myth
1.2.1 That the quarry engine of 1818 developed 2 hp
1.2.2 That the limiting efficiency of the stirling engine is that of the Carnot cycle
1.2.3 That the 1818 engine operated 'on a principle entirely new'
1.2.4 That the invention was catalyzed by Stirlings concern over steam boiler explosions
1.2.5 That younger brother James was the true inventor
1.2.6 That 90 degrees and unity respectively are acceptable 'default' values for thermodynamic phase angle a and volume ratio K
1.2.7 That dead space (un-swept volume) is a necessary evil
1.3 and some heresy
1.4 Why this crusade?
2 Réflexions sur le cicle de Carnot
2.1 Background
2.2 Carnot re-visited
2.3 Isothermal cylinder
2.4 Specimen solutions
2.5 'Realistic' Carnot cycle
2.6 'Equivalent' polytropic index
2.7 Réflexions
3 What Carnot efficiency?
3.1 Epitaph to orthodoxy
3.2 Putting Carnot to work
3.3 Mean cycle temperature difference, Tx T
Tw
3.4 Net internal loss by inference
3.5 Why no p-V diagram for the 'ideal' Stirling cycle?
3.6 The way forward
4 Equivalence conditions for volume variations
4.1 Kinematic configuration
4.2 'Additional' dead space
4.3 Net swept volume
5 The optimum versus optimization
5.1 An engine from Turkey rocks the boat
5.2 ... and an engine from Duxford
5.3 Schmidt on Schmidt
5.3.1 Volumetric compression ratio rv
5.3.2 Indicator diagram shape
5.3.3 More from the re-worked Schmidt analysis
5.4 Crank-slider mechanism again
5.5 Implications for engine design in general
6 Steady-flow heat transfer correlations
6.1 Turbulent
or turbulent?
6.2 Eddy dispersion time.
6.3 Contribution from 'inverse modelling'
6.4 Contribution from Scaling
6.5 What turbulence level?
7 A question of adiabaticity
7.1 Data
7.2 The Archibald test
7.3 A contribution from Newton
7.4 Variable-volume space
7.5 Désaxé
7.6 Thermal diffusion
axi-symmetric case
7.7 Convection versus diffusion
7.8 Bridging the gap
7.9 Interim deductions
8 More adiabaticity
8.1 'Harmful' dead space
8.2 'Equivalent' steady-flow closed-cycle regenerative engine
8.3 'Equivalence'
8.4 Simulated performance
8.5 Conclusions
8.6 Solution algorithm
9 Dynamic Similarity
9.1 Dynamic similarity
9.2 Numerical example
9.3 Corroboration
9.4 Transient response of regenerator matrix
9.5 Second-order effects
9.6 Application to reality
10 Intrinsic Similarity
10.1 Scaling and similarity
10.2 Scope
10.2.1 Independent variables
10.2.2 Dependent variables
10.2.3 Local, instantaneous Reynolds number Re
10.3 First steps
10.4 without the computer
11 Getting started
11.1 Configuration
11.2 Slots versus tubes
11.3 The 'equivalent' slot
11.4 Thermal bottleneck
11.5 Available work lost
conventional arithmetic
12 FastTrack gas path design
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Scope
12.3 Numerical example
12.4 Interim comment
12.5 Rationale behind FastTrack
12.6 Alternative start point
GPU-3 charged with He
13 FlexiScale
13.1 FlexiScale?
13.2 Flow path dimensions
13.3 Operating conditions
13.4 Regenerator matrix
13.5 Rationale behind FlexiScale
14 ReScale
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Worked example step-by-step
14.2.1 Tubular exchangers
14.2.2 Regenerator
14.3 Regenerator matrix
14.4 Rationale behind ReScale
14.4.1 Tubular exchangers
14.4.2 Regenerator.
15 Less steam, more traction
Stirling engine design without the hot air
15.1 Optimum heat exchanger
15.2 Algebraic development
15.3 Design sequence
15.4 Note of caution
16 Heat transfer correlations
from the horses mouth
16.1 The time has come
16.2 Application to design
16.3 Rationale behind correlation parameters RE and XQXE
16.3.1 Corroboration from dimensional analysis
17 Wire-mesh regenerator
'back of envelope' sums
17.1 Status quo
17.2 Temperature swing
17.2.1 Thermal capacity ratio
17.3 Aspects of flow design
17.4 A thumb-nail sketch of transient response
17.4.1 Rationalizations
17.4.2 Specimen temperature solutions
17.5 Wire diameter
17.5.1 Thermal penetration depth
17.5.2 Specifying the wire mesh
17.6 More on intrinsic similarity
18 Son of Schmidt
18.1 Situations vacant
18.2 Analytical opportunities waiting to be explored
18.3 Heat exchange
arbitrary wall temperature gradient
18.4 Defining equations and discretization
18.4.1 Ideal gas law
18.4.2 Energy equation
variable-volume spaces
18.5 Specimen implementation
18.5.1 Authentication
18.5.2 Function form
18.5.3 Reynolds number in the annular gap
18.6 Integration
18.7 Specimen temperature solutions
19 H2 versus He versus air
19.1 Conventional wisdom
19.2 Further enquiry
19.3 So, why air?
20 The 'hot air' engine
20.1 In praise of arithmetic
20.2 Reynolds number Re in the annular gap
20.3 Contact surface temperature in annular gap
20.4 Design parameter Ldg
20.5 Building a specification
20.6 Design step by step
20.7 Gas path dimensions
20.8 Caveat
21 Ultimate Lagrange formulation?
21.1 Why a new formulation?
21.2 Context
21.3 Choice of display
21.4 Assumptions
21.5 Outline computational strategy
21.6 Collision mechanics.
21.7 Boundary and initial conditions
21.8 Further computational economies
21.9 'Ultimate Lagrange'?
Appendix 1 The reciprocating Carnot cycle
Appendix 2 Determination of V2 and V4
polytropic processes
Appendix 3 Design charts
A.3.1 Raison dêtre
A.3.2 'Additional' dead space
A.3.3 Anamorphosis and rectification
A.3.4 Post-script
Appendix 4 Kinematics of lever-crank drive
References
Name Index
Subject Index.

Stirling Cycle Engines : Inner Workings and Design.

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