Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Preface
  • Acknowledgements
  • I. Introduction
  • II. Elections and parliamentary democracies
  • A. The position of elections in democratic theories
  • B. The position of elections in the perception of politicians
  • III. Determinants of policy outputs I
  • A. Policy output studies
  • B. A budgetary perspective: the theory of incrementalism
  • C. Restrictions to active policy-making: limited flexibility
  • IV. Determinants of policy outputs II
  • A. General elements of the rational choice approach
  • B. Econometric and politico-economic models
  • ""1. Politico-economic interdependence""""2. The relationship between political and economic variables""; ""3. â€?Electoral cyclesâ€? and macro-economic policy""; ""4. The difficulty of corroborating the existence of â€?electoral cyclesâ€?""; ""4.1 Various countries""; ""4.2 The German case""; ""5. â€?Popularity cyclesâ€? and macro-economic policy""; ""6. Critique of â€?electoral and popularity cycleâ€? models""; ""V. Analytical design""; ""A. The rational choice approach to the study of resource allocation""
  • ""1. Herder-Dorneichâ€?s view of the relationship between expenditures, taxes, and elections in a democracy""""2. The Downsian model of resource allocation reconsidered""; ""B. The German budgetary process and incrementalist theory""; ""C. Data and method""; ""1. Selection criteria for the different areas""; ""2. The different expenditure levels""; ""3. Operationalization and statistical methods""; ""VI. Budgetary politics and elections: empirical results""; ""A. Subsidies and elections""; ""1. Agricultural subsidies""; ""2. Industrial subsidies""; ""3. Social transfers""
  • 4. Social policy laws and elections5. Subsidies as electoral politics
  • the statistical analysis
  • B. Social policy and elections
  • 1. Expenditure development over time
  • 2. Social policy as electoral politics
  • the statistical analysis
  • C. Research and technology policy and elections
  • 1. Expenditure development over time
  • 2. Research and technology policy as electoral politics
  • the statistical analysis
  • VII. Summary of results and concluding remarks
  • VIII. Appendix
  • IX. Bibliography