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On norms and agency : conversations about gender equality with women and men in 20 countries /
Social norms, gender roles, beliefs about one's own capacity, and assets, as well as communities and countries, determine the opportunities available to women and men--and their ability to take advantage of them. World Development Report 2012 shows significant progress in many areas, but gender...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Autor principal: | |
| Autor Corporativo: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Washington, D.C. :
World Bank,
[2013]
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| Colección: | Directions in development (Washington, D.C.). Human development.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
MARC
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| 100 | 1 | |a Muñoz Boudet, Ana María, |e author. | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a On norms and agency : |b conversations about gender equality with women and men in 20 countries / |c Ana María Muñoz Boudet, Patti Petesch, and Carolyn Turk with Angélica Thumala. |
| 264 | 1 | |a Washington, D.C. : |b World Bank, |c [2013] | |
| 300 | |a 1 online resource (xviii, 207 pages) : |b color illustrations | ||
| 336 | |a text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |a computer |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |a online resource |b cr |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 490 | 1 | |a Directions in development. Human development | |
| 504 | |a Includes bibliographical references. | ||
| 505 | 0 | |a Foreword / RACHEL KYTE -- Foreword / JUDITH RODIN -- Acknowledgments -- About the authors -- Introduction: the norms of power and the power of norms -- The study approach -- Methodology of the study -- Discussing and researching gender equality : a brief introduction to the primary study concepts -- Creating and enforcing gender through norms, roles and beliefs -- Changing norms -- Overview of chapters -- References -- Gender norms -- The rules we live by : gender norms and ideal images -- Normative frameworks for household gender inequalities -- The good girl, the good boy -- Community-level views of gender norms -- References -- Negotiating the norms that bind : a winding road -- The quiet relaxing and changing of norms -- Timing is all: negotiating opportunities and gender-specific responsibilities -- Intergenerational transmission of the possibility of change -- Gender norms in transition -- "A woman should be beaten if she deserves punishment" -- A. extent and forms of domestic violence -- B. causes and consequences of domestic violence -- References -- Having and making choices -- Strategic life decisions : who has the final say? -- Investing in education : why should girls and boys go to school? -- Why should I leave school? : not my choice! -- From school to work : getting the first job -- A. You say, I say: the weight of adult voices on job decisions -- "First comes love, then comes marriage, then comes baby in a baby carriage" -- What is mine is yours : asset control and decision-making -- When does choice mean agency? -- References -- Empowerment -- What drives agency? : what crushes it? -- Step by step : climbing the "ladder of power and freedom" -- Perceptions of factors shaping agency -- Combinations of mobility factors -- Men's and women's interdependent agency and gender norm change -- References -- Structures of opportunity and structures of constraint -- Community factors that fuel agency -- Whose jobs? -- It takes a village : local economic dynamism and empowerment -- Impact of laws and local civic action on empowerment -- Change women need -- References -- Final thoughts -- Appendix a methodological note -- References. | |
| 520 | |a Social norms, gender roles, beliefs about one's own capacity, and assets, as well as communities and countries, determine the opportunities available to women and men--and their ability to take advantage of them. World Development Report 2012 shows significant progress in many areas, but gender disparities still persist. Our study covered 20 countries in all world regions, where over 4,000 women and men, in remote and traditional villages and dense urban neighborhoods, in more than 500 focus groups, discussed the effects of gender differences and inequalities on their lives. Despite diverse social and cultural settings, traits and expectations of the ideal "good" woman and "good" man were remarkably similar across all sample urban and rural communities. Participants acknowledged that women are actively seeking equal power and freedom, but must constantly negotiate and resist traditional expectations about what they are to do and who they are to be. When women achieve the freedom to work for pay or get more education, they must still accommodate their gains to these expectations, especially on household responsibilities. Girls' desire for education, which nurtures their aspirations for greater agency, exceeded that of boys in rural and urban communities. Both young women and men wished for more education and better jobs than are common in their communities and strikingly wanted to marry later, bear children later, and have more autonomy in choosing their partners than traditional community norms dictated. The main pathways for women to gain agency are education, employment, and decreased risk of domestic violence. A safer space encourages women to negotiate for more participation and equality in household discussions and decisions. Women's ability to contribute to family finances and control (even partially) major or minor assets helps them gain more voice at home and in public spheres. Women's aspirations and empowerment to break gender barriers occur regardless of dynamic or poor economies, while men's perceived gain in agency--and their identity as breadwinner--largely depends on economic conditions. When only a few women manage to break with established norms--without a critical mass--traditional norms are not contested and may be reinforced. The process of gender norm change thus appears to be uneven and challenging, lagging behind topical conditions. The easy co-existence of new and old norms means that households in the same community can vary markedly in how much agency women can exercise, and women feel less empowered when opinions and values of families and communities stay with traditional norms. |c Publisher description. | ||
| 588 | 0 | |a Print version record. | |
| 590 | |a ProQuest Ebook Central |b Ebook Central Academic Complete | ||
| 650 | 0 | |a Sex discrimination against women. | |
| 650 | 0 | |a Sex role. | |
| 650 | 0 | |a Women's rights. | |
| 650 | 2 | |a Women's Rights | |
| 650 | 2 | |a Gender Role | |
| 650 | 6 | |a Discrimination à l'égard des femmes. | |
| 650 | 6 | |a Rôle selon le sexe. | |
| 650 | 6 | |a Femmes |x Droits. | |
| 650 | 7 | |a sex role. |2 aat | |
| 650 | 7 | |a SOCIAL SCIENCE |x Gender Studies. |2 bisacsh | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Sex discrimination against women |2 fast | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Sex role |2 fast | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Women's rights |2 fast | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Aspirations | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Empowerment | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Multi country | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Social norms | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Gender | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Decision making power | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Development | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Domestic violence | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Agency | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Gender equality | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Gender roles | |
| 653 | 0 | |a Qualitative research | |
| 710 | 2 | |a World Bank, |e issuing body. | |
| 710 | 2 | |a Rockefeller Foundation, |e sponsoring body. | |
| 758 | |i has work: |a On norms and agency (Text) |1 https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCH7QVGgYqRRWP7McFhWKJP |4 https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/ontology/hasWork | ||
| 775 | 0 | 8 | |a Muñoz Boudet, Ana María. |t On norms and agency. |b Conference edition. |d Washington, DC : World Bank, [2012] |w (OCoLC)843767456 |
| 776 | 0 | 8 | |i Print version: |a Muñoz Boudet, Ana María. |t On norms and agency. |d Washington, D.C. : World Bank, 2013 |z 9780821398623 |w (DLC) 2013008678 |w (OCoLC)822895893 |
| 830 | 0 | |a Directions in development (Washington, D.C.). |p Human development. | |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://ebookcentral.uam.elogim.com/lib/uam-ebooks/detail.action?docID=1190820 |z Texto completo |
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