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The landscape lighting book /
Richly illustrated and fully updated practical guidance on every aspect of landscape lighting LED technology offers a new light source in landscape design. In the process, it causes huge changes to the configuration of lighting fixtures. The Third Edition of The Landscape Lighting Book includes info...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Hoboken, N.J. :
Wiley,
[2013]
|
| Edición: | 3rd edition. |
| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Machine generated contents note: I. PROJECT DEVELOPMENT
- 1. Assessing Project Needs
- Interviewing Clients and the Design Team
- Clients
- Clients' Expectations
- Maintenance
- Landscape Maintenance
- Lighting Maintenance
- Budget
- Deadlines
- Other Design Team Members
- Reviewing Architectural and Landscape Plans
- Visiting the Site
- Documenting Site Conditions
- Soil Considerations
- Synthesizing the Information
- References
- 2. Vision and Perception of Light
- How the-Eye Works
- Designing for the Eye
- Perception
- References
- 3. Luminous Composition
- Defining Objectives
- Expressing Ideas
- Observation
- Imagination
- Composition Elements
- Depth
- Visual Boundaries
- Quality and Direction of Light
- View
- Mood or Atmosphere
- Balance
- Focal Points
- Cohesion
- 4. Design Process: Documenting and Installing Landscape Lighting
- Project Communications
- Computer-Aided Design (CAD)
- Document Standards
- CAD Standards
- Conceptual Design Phase Documents
- Presentation Drawings
- Types of Presentation Drawings
- Mock-up Sessions
- Preliminary Budget
- Design Development Phase
- Construction or Contract Documents
- Plans or Working Drawings
- Index of Drawings
- Project Layout Key
- Standard Symbols and Abbreviations
- Notes
- Lighting Layout, Schedule, and Detail Sheets
- Details Including Schedules
- Specifications
- General Section
- Lighting Fixture Section
- Three Typical Fixture Specification Formats
- Cut Sheets
- Bidding Process Phase
- Construction Phase
- Submittal Drawings and Samples
- Construction
- Locating Fixtures On Site
- Locating Tree-Mounted Fixtures
- Aiming and Adjusting the Lighting System
- 5. Follow-up Work: Record Documents and Project Maintenance
- Record Documents Package
- Updated Design and Installation Documents
- Updated Lighting Plans
- Fixture Location
- Using Photographs to Locate Lighting Equipment
- Lamping Information
- Aiming Notation
- Shielding Notation
- Updated and New Project Schedules
- Project Service Directory
- Controls Adjustments and Settings
- Maintenance Documents
- Maintenance Issues
- Maintenance Equipment and Spare Parts
- Maintenance Work
- Focus Adjustment
- Lamp Replacement
- Fixture Cleaning
- Maintaining the Proper Fixture Aiming
- Stocking and Restocking Supplies
- Design Adjustment
- Reaiming Existing Fixtures
- Relamping Existing Fixtures
- Relocating Existing Fixtures
- Removing Existing Fixtures
- Adding New Fixtures
- Updating the Record Documents
- References
- II. MATERIALS AND TECHNOLOGY
- 6. Light Sources
- New Lamps
- Light Emitting Diodes (LED)
- LED Color
- LED Configuration, Output, and Beamspread
- LED Lamp Types
- Traditional Lamps
- Incandescent and Filament Lamps
- Tungsten-Halogen Lamps
- Frequently Used Types
- MR Lamps
- PAR Lamps
- R Lamps
- Miniature and Subminiature Lamps
- Comparing 120-Volt and Low-Voltage Lamps for Landscape Use
- Discharge Lamps
- High-Intensity Discharge Lamps
- Mercury Vapor
- Metal Halide
- High-Pressure Sodium
- Low-Pressure Sodium
- Fluorescent Lamps
- Cold Cathode, Including Neon
- Functional and Operating Characteristics
- Physical Characteristics
- Bulb or Envelope
- Shapes and Sizes
- Base
- Filament, Electrodes, and Arc Tubes
- Physical Dimensions
- Operating Characteristics
- Lamp Operating Position
- Bulb-Wall and Base Operating Temperature
- Voltage
- Beam Spread
- Life and Lumen Depreciation
- Understanding Color of Light Produced
- U.S. Government Phase-Out of Traditional Lamps
- Evaluating Lamps for Use in Landscape Lighting
- References
- 7. Light Fixtures
- Selection Criteria
- Aesthetics
- Function
- Construction
- Cost
- Fixture Components
- Fixtures using LED Lamps
- LED Replacement Lamps
- Permanent or Replaceable Module LED Lamps
- Self Contained LED Lamp Unit
- Wattage and Beamspread Options
- Parts that comprise an LED System
- Printed Circuit Board
- Driver
- LED/LED Fixture System Tests
- Fixtures using Traditional Lamps
- Lamp Type and Wattage
- Adjustment Capabilities
- Ability to Add Accessories
- Mechanical Features
- Construction
- Custom Design or Modification
- Attachment of Lenses
- Access to Lamp, Transformer, and Ballast Compartments
- Waterproofing
- Locking Mechanisms
- Lamp Shielding
- Optics
- Environmental Considerations
- Thermal Considerations
- Fixture Types
- Decorative Fixtures
- Lanterns
- Bollard and Path Fixtures
- Post, Wall-Mounted, Ceiling Mounted and Hanging Fixtures
- Functional Fixtures
- Surface or Tree-Mounted Fixtures
- Ground-Mounted Adjustable Fixtures
- Hanging Fixtures
- Ground-Recessed Fixtures
- Underwater Accent Fixtures
- Underwater Niche Fixtures
- Wet-Dry Fixtures
- Strip Light Fixtures
- 120-Volt or Low-Voltage Fixtures
- Fiber Optics
- Accessories
- Ballast
- Transformer
- Mounting Boxes
- Mounting Stakes
- Shrouds
- Louvers
- Lenses
- Color Media
- Safety
- Codes
- Labels
- Testing
- Damp Location Requirements
- Wet Location Requirements
- Underwater Requirements
- Salt Spray Tests
- Scratch Test
- 8. Corrosion, Materials, and Finishes
- Corrosion
- Water
- Soil
- Presence of Soil Moisture
- Oxygen Supply
- pH Value
- Temperature
- Prevention
- Atmosphere
- Corrosion Protection
- Types of Corrosion
- Uniform Corrosion
- Pitting Corrosion
- Crevice Corrosion
- Deposit Corrosion
- Erosion Corrosion
- Bimetallic or Galvanic Corrosion
- Stray-Current Corrosion
- Selective or Dealloying Corrosion
- Materials
- Ferrous Metals
- Ferrous
- Cast Iron
- Stainless Steel and Alloys
- Nonferrous Metals and Alloys
- Aluminum and Alloys
- Copper and Alloys
- Brass
- Bronzes
- Zinc
- Glass
- Plastics
- Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)
- Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS)
- Epoxy
- Silicone
- Polymethyl Methacrylate (Acrylic)
- Polycarbonate (Lexan)
- Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer Rubber (EPDM)
- Neoprene
- Finishes
- Anodizing
- Clear Anodize and Dye
- Two-Step or Two-Step Electrolytic
- Duranodic (Alcoa) or Kalcolor (Kaiser)
- Powder Coat
- Verdigris or Verdi Green
- Temporary Finish
- References
- 9. Controls
- Control System Issues
- Designing Control Systems
- Residential Spaces
- Commercial Spaces
- Single-Use Spaces
- Multiple-Use Spaces
- Types of Control Devices
- Manual Switches
- Dimming Switches
- LED Dimming
- Phase Control
- DALI
- DMX512
- Incandescent Dimming
- Preset Incandescent Dimming Systems
- Fluorescent Dimming
- HID Dimming
- Photoelectric Controls
- Time Switches
- Motion Detectors
- Wireless Controls
- 10. Wiring
- Power and Power Distribution
- Safety
- Complying with the National Electrical Code
- Grounding
- Fuses and Circuit Breakers
- 12 Volts versus 120 Volts
- Type, Size, and Condition of a Site
- Lamps and Fixtures
- Amperage
- Fixture Mounting
- Connections
- Voltage Drop
- Elements of a Wiring System
- Conductors
- Electrical Connections
- Conduits
- Wiring Approaches
- Fixtures Mounted at Grade
- Daisy Chain Wiring Method
- Loop Wiring Method
- Multiple-Feed Wiring Method
- Multiple-Transformer Wiring Method
- Fixtures Mounted in Trees
- Planning for the Future
- III. APPLICATIONS
- 11. Residential Spaces
- Working with the Owner
- Design Considerations
- Property Characteristics
- Arrival
- Circulation
- Views
- Owner's Preference
- Equipment Selection
- Light Sources
- Fixtures
- Controls
- 12. Public Spaces
- Design Issues
- Nature of Public Projects
- Safety and Security
- Circulation
- Anticipated Activities
- Image
- Controls
- Equipment Selection
- Light Sources
- Fixtures
- Project Management
- 13. Atria
- Residential Spaces
- Commercial Spaces
- Lighting for Plant Growth
- Quality of Light
- Quantity of Light
- Light and Dark Time Periods
- Intensity Levels
- Acclimatizing Plants for Atrium Life
- Direction of Light
- References
- IV. ELEMENTS OF DESIGN
- 14. Plant Materials
- Techniques for Lighting Plants
- Evaluating Plant Materials
- -- General Plant Considerations
- Name including Genus, Species and Variety
- Deciduous or Evergreen
- Form
- Leaf Density and Overlap
- Size at Planting
- Mature Height and Spread
- Growth Rate
- Special Features
- Selected Specimen Considerations
- Location on Site
- Health
- Size
- Specific Growth/Form/Habit
- Importance to Visual Composition
- Interference Regarding Light Distribution
- Future Growth
- Pruning Plan
- Physical Characteristics
- Texture
- Leaf Type
- Branching Pattern
- Foliage Color
- Branch/Trunk Characteristics
- Flowering Characteristics
- Dormancy Characterisitics
- Physical Appearance
- Growth
- Plant's Role in Composition
- Direction of Light
- Front Lighting
- Back Lighting
- Side Lighting
- Uplighting
- Downlighting
- Role of the Transition Plant
- Boundary or Divider Role
- 15. Garden Evolution: Changes That Affect Lighting
- Lighting System Infrastructure
- Garden Evolution
- Changes Through the Seasons of One Year
- Winter
- Spring
- Summer
- Fall
- Changing Roles.
- Note continued: Growth of an Individual Plant
- Garden Evolution Influences Plant Role
- Gradual Change
- Radical Change
- Relationship of Pruning with Lighting
- 16. Sculptures, Architectural Structures, and Signage
- Sculptures
- Uplighting versus Downlighting
- Techniques
- One Viewing Direction
- Multiple Viewing Directions
- Architectural Structures
- Signage
- Reference
- 17. Walkways and Stairs
- Walkways
- Planning Issues
- Lighting Level
- Safe Movement
- Paving or Path Material
- Light Patterns
- Fixture Selection
- Decorative Fixtures
- Hidden Fixtures
- City Streets and Sidewalks
- Steps and Staircases
- Downlight
- Sidelight
- Tread-Integrated Light
- Decorative Fixtures
- 18. Building Elevation Lighting
- Luminous Composition
- Floodlighting
- Grazing
- Patterns of Light
- Internal Building Lighting
- Color
- Fixture Location
- Equipment
- Light Sources
- Incandescent
- Fluorescent
- High-Intensity Discharge
- Fixtures
- Lighting Levels
- Maintenance
- 19. Water Features
- Design Considerations
- Physical Properties of Light
- Refraction of Light
- Effect of Light on Aerated or Turbulent Water
- Effect of Light on Flat or Smooth Water
- Dispersion of Light in Water
- Fixture Location
- Locating Fixtures Below the Water's Surface
- Locating Fixtures Above the Water's Surface
- Types of Water Features
- Waterfalls
- Fountains
- Pool and Pond Surfaces
- Safety
- Equipment for Underwater Use
- Lamps
- Fixtures
- Shore-Scraping
- Fiber Optics
- APPENDIX
- Documents
- Lighting Manufacturers Directory
- Bibliography.