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Nature's Wealth : the Economics of Ecosystem Services and Poverty.
Presents new evidence from more than twenty countries on the role of ecosystems in supporting the livelihoods of the poor.
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
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| Autor principal: | |
| Otros Autores: | , , |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Cambridge :
Cambridge University Press,
2013.
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| Colección: | Ecology, biodiversity, and conservation.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Cover; Contents; Contributors; Acknowledgements; 1. The economics of ecosystem services and poverty; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Ecosystem services and human well-being; 1.3 Poverty, local livelihoods and ecosystem protection; 1.3.1 How the poor affect ecosystems and their services; 1.3.1.1 Depletion of natural resources; 1.3.1.2 Population growth; 1.3.1.3 Poor institutions; 1.3.1.4 Use of unsustainable technologies; 1.3.2 How degraded ecosystems and their services affect the poor; 1.3.2.1 Destruction of productive assets; 1.3.2.2 Food and water security; 1.3.2.3 Exposure to natural disasters.
- 1.3.2.4 Human health1.4 How to break the vicious cycle?; 1.4.1 Promoting opportunity and enhancing capacity; 1.4.2 Strengthen ownership and facilitate empowerment; 1.4.3 Enhancing security; 1.5 Lessons learned in the case studies; 1.5.1: Promoting opportunity and enhancing capacity; Lesson 1: Variation in capacity of the poor implies that there is no blueprint route to success; Lesson 2: Higher educational and awareness attainments correlate with sustainable management; Lesson 3: Time availability influences access to environmental assets.
- Lesson 4: Access to markets is a major contributing factor to poverty alleviation and sustainable ecosystem managementLesson 5: A sustainable management of ecosystems requires good availability of census data on poverty and geographic information system (GIS) data on land-use changes; Lesson 6: Because the role of ecosystem services is often ignored by the donor community, traditional development aid can do more harm than good; 1.5.2 Strengthen ownership and facilitate empowerment; Lesson 1: It is a misconception that only the poor rely on common-pool resources.
- Lesson 2: Ownership encourages investment in natural resource conservation but is not necessarily a sufficient condition for enhanced household welfareLesson 3: Regulating access to common-pool resources prevents food shortages and improves the nutritional intake of households; Lesson 4: The mediating role of ownership in the poverty-environment nexus can be qualitatively different between the short and the long term; Lesson 5: Poorly designed formalization of ownership often deprives the poor from traditional access to ecosystem services; 1.5.3 Enhance security.
- Lesson 1: Within communities, poorer and richer households require secure access to different environmental assetsLesson 2: In absence of secure ownership, individuals fail to internalize environmental externalities and ecosystems become degraded; Lesson 3: The government needs to work together with local communities in order to ensure that ownership of natural resources is mutually respected; Lesson 4: In order for the government to enforce user rights, economic instruments are needed to collect sufficient revenue from, among others, ecosystem-related activities.