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Implementing energy subsidy reforms : evidence from developing countries /
Poorly implemented energy subsidies are economically costly to taxpayers and damage the environment. This report aims at providing the emerging lessons form a representative sample of case studies in 20 developing countries that could help policy makers to address implementation challenges, includin...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Washington, D.C. :
World Bank,
2013.
|
| Colección: | Directions in development (Washington, D.C.). Energy and mining.
|
| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
MARC
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| 100 | 1 | |a Vagliasindi, Maria. | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Implementing energy subsidy reforms : |b evidence from developing countries / |c Maria Vagliasindi. |
| 260 | |a Washington, D.C. : |b World Bank, |c 2013. | ||
| 300 | |a 1 online resource (xxviii, 317 pages) : |b illustrations | ||
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| 490 | 1 | |a Directions in development. Energy and mining. | |
| 504 | |a Includes bibliographical references. | ||
| 588 | 0 | |a Print version record. | |
| 520 | 3 | |a Poorly implemented energy subsidies are economically costly to taxpayers and damage the environment. This report aims at providing the emerging lessons form a representative sample of case studies in 20 developing countries that could help policy makers to address implementation challenges, including overcoming political economy and affordability constraints. The sample has selected on the basis of a number of criteria, including the country's level of development (and consumption), developing country region, energy security and the fuel it subsidies (petroleum fuel, electricity, natural gas). The case studies were supported by data collection related to direct budgetary subsidies, fuel and electricity tariffs, and household survey data. The analysis provides strong evidence of the success of reforms in reducing the associated fiscal burden. For the sample of countries, the average energy subsidy recorded in the budget was reduced from 1.8% in 2004 to 1.3%GDP in 2010. The reduction of subsidies is particularly remarkable for net energy importers. Pass-through of international fuel prices was also notable in the case of electricity generated by fossil fuel. For the sample of countries, the average end-user electricity tariff increased by 50%, from USD 6 cents in 2002 to USD 9 cents per kWh in 2010. In spite of the relatively price inelastic demand for gasoline and diesel, fossil fuel consumption in the road sector (per unit of GDP) declined in the 20 countries examined from 53 (44) in 2002 to about 23 kt oil equivalent per million of GDP in 2008 in the case of gasoline (Diesel). The most notable decline in consumption was recorded in the low and lower middle income countries. This reflects the much higher rate of growth in GDP in this group of countries and underlines the opportunities to influence future consumption behavior rather than modifying the existing consumption patterns, overcoming inertia and vested interests. Similar trends are recorded for power consumption. While there is no one-size-fits-all model for subsidy reform, implementation of compensatory social policies and an effective communication strategy, before the changes are introduced, reduces helped with the implementation of reforms. | |
| 505 | 0 | |a Cover; Contents; Acknowledgments; Abbreviations; Overview; Introduction; Sample Selection; Tables; O.1 Countries Selected for Case Study Analysis of Energy Subsidy Reforms; Figures; O.1 Distribution of Sample Countries by Energy Net Exports or Imports; O.2 Distribution of Sample Countries by Income; O.3 Distribution of Sample Countries by Region; O.4 Distribution of Sample Countries by Fuel Used; Country Taxonomy, by Macroeconomic and Sectoral Challenges; O.5 GDP of Sample Countries, by Group; O.6 Gini Index for Sample Countries, 1998-2008. | |
| 505 | 8 | |a O.7 General Government Net Lending, Sample Countries, 1998-2008O.8 General Government Gross Debt, Sample Countries, 1998-2008; O.9 Electricity Production from Fossil Fuels, Sample Countries, 1998-2008; Country Taxonomy, by Success in Energy Subsidy Reform; O.10 Energy Net Imports, Sample Countries, 1998-2008; O.11 Budgetary Energy Subsidy in Sample Countries, 2004-10; O.12 Gasoline Retail Tariffs in Sample Countries, 2002-10; Targeting Subsidy Performance; O.13 Diesel Retail Tariffs in Sample Countries, 2002-10; O.14 Beneficiary Incidence: How Much of the Poor Does the Subsidy Reach? | |
| 505 | 8 | |a Lessons from the Case StudiesO. 15 Benefit Incidence of Subsidies; Structure of the Report; Notes; References; Part 1 Group A Countries: Net Energy Importer and Low Income; Macroeconomic and Social Challenges; Fossil Fuel Dependence; Income and Inequality Trends for Group A; P1.1 GDP Per Capita, Group A Countries, 1998-2008; Fiscal Indicators for Group A; P1.2 Gini Index, Group A Countries, 1998-2008; P1.3 General Government Net Lending or Borrowing, Group A Countries, 1998-2008; Fossil Fuel Dependence for Group A; P1.4 General Government Gross Debt, Group A Countries, 1998-2008. | |
| 505 | 8 | |a P1.5 Electricity Production from Fossil Fuels, Group A Countries, 1998-2008P1.6 Energy Net Imports, Group A Countries, 1998-2008; Chapter 1 Armenia; Incentives to Energy Subsidy Reforms; Reform Efforts; Poverty Alleviation Measures; 1.1 Power Sector Reforms in Armenia, 1994-2004; Key Lessons Learned; Annex 1.1 Armenia Case Study Figures; Fiscal Burden of Energy Subsidy in Armenia; 1A.1 Explicit Budgetary Energy Subsidies in Armenia, 2004-08; 1A.2 Implicit Subsidies of the Power Sector in Armenia, 2000-03; Fuel Prices and Road Sector Consumption in Armenia. | |
| 505 | 8 | |a 1A.3 Domestic Retail Fuel Prices in Armenia, 2002-101A.4 Road Sector Diesel Consumption in Armenia, 2000-08; Electricity Price and Power Consumption in Armenia; 1A.5 Electricity Price in Armenia, 1998-2010; 1A.6 Power Consumption Per Capita in Armenia, 1998-2008; Poverty Impact Evidence from Household Surveys in Armenia; References; 1A.7 Electricity Block Tariffs in Armenia, as of 1998; 1A.8 Power Consumption in Armenia, by Income Quintile, 2000; Chapter 2 Ghana; Incentives to Energy Subsidy Reforms; Reform Efforts; Poverty Alleviation Measures; Key Lessons Learned. | |
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| 650 | 0 | |a Energy consumption |z Developing countries. | |
| 650 | 0 | |a Poor |x Energy assistance |z Developing countries. | |
| 650 | 0 | |a Energy policy |z Developing countries. | |
| 650 | 7 | |a BUSINESS & ECONOMICS |x Industries |x Energy. |2 bisacsh | |
| 650 | 7 | |a SCIENCE |x Energy. |2 bisacsh | |
| 650 | 7 | |a TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING |x Power Resources |x General. |2 bisacsh | |
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| 651 | 7 | |a Developing countries |2 fast | |
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| 776 | 0 | 8 | |i Print version: |a Vagliasindi, Maria. |t Implementing energy subsidy reforms. |d Washington, D.C. : World Bank, 2012 |z 9780821395615 |w (DLC) 2012022848 |w (OCoLC)792878641 |
| 830 | 0 | |a Directions in development (Washington, D.C.). |p Energy and mining. | |
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