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RethinkHIV : Smarter Ways to Invest in Ending HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa.
A timely thought-provoking book, which examines the first-ever comparative cost-benefit analysis of responses to HIV/AIDS in Africa.
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
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| Autor principal: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Cambridge :
Cambridge University Press,
2012.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Cover; RethinkHIV; Title; Copyright; Contents; Figures; Tables; Contributors; Acknowledgements; Abbreviations and acronyms; Foreword; Introduction; PART I The research; CHAPTER 1 Sexual transmission of HIV; The current debate about preventing HIV infections through sexual relations; Assessing the evidence about the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of interventions; RethinkHIV: Possible solutions for the prevention of HIV infections through sexual relations; Male circumcision (MC); HIV testing and counseling (HTC); Information campaigns through mass media and peer groups (IC).
- Benefit-cost analyses for policy interventions: some general considerationsAdditional specific assumptions necessary for the estimates for the three solutions and benefit to cost ratios and cost-effectiveness estimates; Summary of procedures underlying our estimated benefit to cost ratios; Additional specific assumptions for each of the three solutions; Benefit to cost ratios for interventions that reduce HIV infections through sexual interactions; Cost-effectiveness estimates for interventions that reduce HIV infections through sexual interactions.
- Application to selected high- and medium-prevalence countriesConclusions; 1.1 Sexual transmission of HIV; The need for more and better impact evaluations of HIV/AIDS prevention interventions; Considering potential behavioral responses to prevention interventions; The importance of measuring efficiency of prevention intervention at scale; Considering more targeted approaches; New solutions for the prevention of sexual transmission of HIV might offer new perspectives; Treatment for prevention; Pre-exposure chemoprophylaxis for HIV prevention; Conditional cash transfers.
- Rationale for applying conditional cash transfers to HIV preventionCurrent evidence on applying conditional cash transfers to HIV prevention; Conclusions; References; 1.2 Sexual transmission of HIV; The assessment paper; Male circumcision (MC); HIV testing and counseling (HTC); Information campaigns through mass media and peer groups (IC); Findings; How should we assess success: the role of RCTs; The underlying assumptions for critiquing the paper; The scale of the epidemic; Modes of transmission; Basics of sexually transmitted HIV prevention; The assessment paper critique; Male circumcision.
- HIV counseling and testing and treatment as preventionInformation campaigns and mass media; What is missing and what might come in the future; What policy recommendations can come out of this work?; References; CHAPTER 2 Prevention of non-sexual transmission of HIV; Methodology; Calculating benefits; Modeling HIV infections averted; AIDS Impact Model in Spectrum; Goals model (and Goals Express); Results; Safe medical injections; Target population; Coverage; Unit cost; Transmission probability; Safe blood transfusions; Target population; Coverage; Unit cost; Transmission probability.