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Biorefinery : from biomass to chemicals and fuels /
"This book provides an introduction to the basic science and technologies for the conversion of biomass (terrestrial and aquatic) into chemicals and fuels, as well as an overview of innovations in the field. The entire value chain for converting raw materials into platform molecules and their t...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Otros Autores: | , , |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Berlin ; Boston :
[Walter] de Gruyter,
©2012.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Preface; List of Contributing Authors; 1 A new concept of biorefinery comes into operation: the EuroBioRef concept; 1.1 General context; 1.1.1 Toward a bio-based economy; 1.1.2 Biorefineries and the level of integration; 1.2 The EuroBioRef biorefinery concept, objectives, and methodology; 1.2.1 Flexibility, adaptability, and multidimensional integration of the EuroBioRef project; 1.2.2 The concept principles of EuroBioRef; 1.2.3 The objectives of the EuroBioRef project; 1.2.4 The EuroBioRef approach to reach the objectives; 1.2.5 EuroBioRef innovation and expected results (Fig. 1.7).
- 1.2.6 S/T methodology and associated subprojects1.3 Main achievements of the first year of the project; Acknowledgements; References; 2 Refinery of the future: feedstock, processes, products; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Competition; 2.3 Impact of legislation; 2.4 Regional impacts; 2.5 Biorefineries
- definitions and examples; 2.5.1 Arkema's castor oil-based biorefinery; 2.5.2 Elevance Renewable Sciences oil-based biorefinery; 2.5.3 Vandeputte oil-based biorefinery; 2.5.4 The ""Les Sohettes"" biorefinery; 2.5.5 The starch-based Cargill biorefinery; 2.5.6 Other biorefineries; 2.6 Processing units.
- 2.7 Capital cost2.8 Conclusions; Acknowledgements; References; 3 The terrestrial biomass: formation and properties (crops and residual biomass); 3.1 Residual biomass; 3.1.1 Straw; 3.1.2 Wood; 3.2 The oil crops; 3.2.1 Castor seed (Ricinus communis L, Euphorbiaceae); 3.2.2 Crambe (Crambe abysinica Hochst ex R.E. Fries, Brassicaceae/Crucifera); 3.2.3 Cuphea (Cuphea sp., Lythraceae); 3.2.4 Lesquerella (Lesquerella fendlheri L, Communis L, Cruciferae/Brassicaceae); 3.2.5 Lunaria (Lunaria annua L, Brassicaciae/Crusiferae); 3.2.6 Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L, Compositae).
- 3.3 The lignocellulosic crops3.3.1 Cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L, Compositae); 3.3.2 Giant reed; 3.3.3 Miscanthus (Miscanthus x giganteus, Poaceae); 3.3.4 Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L, Poaceae); References; 4 Production of aquatic biomass and extraction of bio-oil; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Characterization of aquatic biomass and its cultivation; 4.2.1 Macro-algae; 4.2.2 Micro-algae; 4.3 Harvesting of aquatic biomass; 4.3.1 Macro-algae; 4.3.2 Micro-algae; 4.4 Composition of aquatic biomass; 4.5 Bio-oil content of aquatic biomass; 4.6 The quality of bio-oil.
- 4.7 Technologies for algal oil and chemicals extraction4.7.1 Conventional solvent extraction; 4.7.2 Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE); 4.7.3 Mechanical extraction; 4.7.4 Biological extraction; 4.8 Conclusions; References; 5 Biomass pretreatment: separation of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin
- existing technologies and perspectives; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Biomass composition; 5.3 Physical and physicochemical pretreatments of biomass; 5.3.1 Mechanical pretreatments; 5.3.2 Irradiation; 5.3.3 Pyrolysis; 5.3.4 Torrefaction; 5.3.5 Steam explosion and liquid hot water.