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Science and the Endangered Species Act /
The Endangered Species Act (ESA) is a far-reaching law that has sparked intense controversies over the use of public lands, the rights of property owners, and economic versus environmental benefits. In this volume a distinguished committee focuses on the science underlying the ESA and offers recomme...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
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| Autor Corporativo: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Washington, D.C. :
National Academies Press,
1995.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Science and the Endangered Species Act; Copyright; Preface; Contents; Executive Summary; INTRODUCTION; THE PRESENT STUDY; EXTINCTIONS; THE SPECIES CONCEPT; HABITAT; RECOVERY; CONSERVATION CONFLICTS BETWEEN SPECIES; ESTIMATING RISK; MAKING ESA DECISIONS IN THE FACE OF UNCERTAINTY; TIMING; BEYOND THE ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT; SCIENCE, POLICY, AND THE ESA; 1 Introduction ; HISTORY; THE PRESENT STUDY; REFERENCES; 2 Species Extinctions ; EXTINCTIONS OVER GEOLOGICAL TIME; PREHISTORIC HUMAN IMPACT ON CONTINENTAL ECOSYSTEMS; PREHISTORIC HUMAN IMPACT ON ISLAND ECOSYSTEMS.
- RELATING THE PAST TO THE PRESENTEcosystem Degradation and Restoration; Rates of Extinction; Habitat Loss; Introduced Species; CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS; REFERENCES; 3 Species Definitions and the Endangered Species Act ; HISTORICAL USE OF THE TERM SPECIES IN IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT; Introduction; Zoological Interpretations of Species; Botanical Interpretations of Species; HISTORY OF SPECIES CONCEPTS BEFORE AND AFTER THE ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT; Species Concepts; Taxonomic Units Below the Rank of Species.
- A CONCEPT OF SPECIES FOR THE PURPOSES OF THE ENDANGERED SPECIES ACTIntroduction; Evolutionary Units and Their Identification; Species and Subspecies; Distinct Population Segments; Distinctiveness; Genetic Isolation; Geographic and Temporal Isolation; Behavioral and Reproductive Isolation; Examples of Circumscription of Evolutionary Units; The Fate of Hybrids under the Evolutionary Unit Concept; CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS; REFERENCES; 4 The Role of Habitat Conservation and Recovery Planning ; THE IMPORTANCE OF HABITAT; THE ROLE OF HABITAT CONSERVATION UNDER THE ESA.
- CRITICAL HABITAT AND FEDERAL ACTIVITIESSurvival Habitat; PRIVATE ACTIVITIES AND HABITAT CONSERVATION PLANNING; Habitat-Conservation Plans; RECOVERY PLANNING; NATURAL COMMUNITY CONSERVATION PROGRAM AND COASTAL SAGE SCRUB COMMUNITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; HABITAT-RELATED STANDARDS; Public and Private Lands and Actions; Survival and Recovery; CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS; REFERENCES; 5 Modern Perspectives of Habitat ; LANDSCAPES AND POPULATIONS; SOURCES AND SINKS; METAPOPULATIONS; SPATIALLY EXPLICIT MODELS; A SPATIAL PERSPECTIVE AND POPULATION VIABILITY ANALYSIS; CONCLUSIONS; REFERENCES.
- 6 Conservation Conflicts Between Species INTERACTIONS OF SPECIES IN NATURE; NORTHERN GOSHAWK AND MEXICAN SPOTTED OWL; WINTER-RUN CHINOOK SALMON AND DELTA SMELT; BACHMAN'S SPARROW AND RED-COCKADED WOODPECKER; MARINE MAMMALS AND SALMONIDS; CONCLUSIONS; RECOMMENDATIONS; REFERENCES; 7 Estimating Risk ; ESTIMATING THE RISK OF EXTINCTION; SOURCES OF RISK; Random Demographic Changes; Random Environmental Changes; Catastrophes; Accumulation of Deleterious Genetic Factors; Loss of Adaptive Variation Within Populations; Habitat Fragmentation; Supplementation; FOCUSING CONSERVATION EFFORTS.