Pathology of the hard dental tissues /
"This pioneering book is uniquely dedicated to oral hard tissue pathology. It presents the growth of clinical knowledge and advancement in the field, along with laboratory considerations. The references are encylopedic in nature and the book provides many helpful tables to categorise the causes...
Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
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Autor principal: | |
Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
Idioma: | Inglés |
Publicado: |
Chichester, West Sussex, UK :
Wiley-Blackwell,
2012.
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Temas: | |
Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Section I. Developmental Anomalies
- Section II. Anomalies of Eruption
- Section III. Post-eruption Hard Tissue Physiological Changes and Pathological Conditions
- Section IV. Syndromes.
- Introduction
- Section I. Developmental Anomalies
- 1. Anomalies of Number
- 1.1. Introduction
- 1.2. Hypodontia
- 1.2.1. Isolated dental agenesis
- 1.2.2. Oligodontia
- 1.2.3. Anodontia
- 1.3. Hyperdontia
- 1.3.1. Hypodontia with hyperdontia
- 1.3.2. Supernumerary permanent teeth
- 1.3.3. Supplemental permanent teeth
- 1.3.4. "Extra dentitions"
- 1.4. Fusion and partial schizodontia
- 1.4.1. Diagnosis
- 1.4.2. Epidemiology
- 1.4.3. Aetiology
- 1.4.4. Pathogenesis
- 1.4.5. Consequences
- 1.4.6. Treatment
- 1.5. Concrescence
- 2. Deviations in Tooth Morphology and Size
- 2.1. Introduction
- 2.2. Compression
- 2.2.1. Appearance and aetiology
- 2.2.2. Epidemiology
- 2.3. Dens invaginatus
- 2.3.1. Coronal
- 2.3.2. Apical
- 2.3.3. Lateral
- 2.3.4. Epidemiology
- 2.3.5. Aetiology
- 2.3.6. Consequences
- 2.3.7. Prevention of complications and treatment
- 2.4. Palato-gingival groove
- 2.4.1. Appearance
- 2.4.2. Epidemiology
- 2.4.3. Aetiology
- 2.4.4. Consequences and treatment
- 2.5. Dilaceration
- 2.5.1. Aetiology
- 2.5.2. Prevalence
- 2.5.3. Consequences
- 2.5.4. Treatment
- 2.6. Enamel pearls and enamel extensions
- 2.6.1. Enamel pearls
- 2.6.2. Enamel extensions
- 2.7. Fused roots
- 2.7.1. Aetiology
- 2.7.2. Epidemiology
- 2.7.3. Consequences
- 2.8. Macro- and microdontia
- 2.8.1. Normal tooth size
- 2.8.2. Macrodontia
- 2.8.3. Microdontia
- 2.9. Other developmental anomalies of the tooth crowns
- 2.9.1. Shovel-shaped incisor
- 2.9.2. T-shaped, Y-shaped and stellate incisors
- 2.10. Extra cusps
- 2.10.1. Dens evaginatus
- 2.10.2. Talon
- 2.10.3. Carabelli's cusp
- 2.10.4. Paramolar tubercle/cusp, paramolar roots, paramolars
- 2.11. Supernumerary roots
- 2.11.1. Bifid roots
- 2.11.2. Additional roots
- 2.12. Taurodontism
- 2.12.1. Appearance
- 2.12.2. Epidemiology
- 2.12.3. Aetiology
- 2.12.4. Pathology
- 2.13. Consequences
- 2.13.1. Pyramidal roots versus fused roots
- 3. Developmental Structural Anomalies of Enamel and Dentine
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. Developmental and acquired structural anomalies of the enamel
- 3.2.1. Pre- and perinatal causes
- 3.2.2. Postnatal infectious diseases
- 3.2.3. Malnutrition and systemic-nutritional disorders
- 3.2.4. Endocrine disorders
- 3.2.5. Chemicals/medicaments
- 3.2.6. Trauma
- 3.2.7. Miscellaneous causes
- 3.3. Hereditary amelogenesis imperfecta
- 3.3.1. Classification
- 3.3.2. Hereditary considerations
- 3.3.3. Prevalence
- 3.3.4. Types of hereditary amelogenesis imperfecta
- 3.3.5. Anterior open bite and deep overbite
- 3.3.6. Pathogenesis
- 3.3.7. Treatment
- 3.4. Developmental structural anomalies of the dentine
- 3.4.1. Dentine dysplasia
- 3.4.2. Dentinogenesis imperfecta
- 3.4.3. Regional (or segmental) odontodysplasia ("ghost teeth")
- Section II. Anomalies of Eruption
- 4. Deviations in Timing and Site of Eruption
- 4.1. Eruption
- 4.1.1. The eruption process
- 4.1.2. Timing of eruption
- 4.2. Abnormal eruption times
- 4.2.1. Pathologically accelerated eruption
- 4.2.2. Pathologically delayed eruption
- 4.2.3. Prevention and treatment
- 4.2.4. Retained and impacted teeth (retentio dentis)
- 4.2.5. Partially erupted teeth (dentitio difficilis)
- 4.2.6. Infra-occlusion
- 4.3. Anomalies of site of eruption
- 4.3.1. Dystopia
- 4.3.2. Heterotopia
- 4.3.3. Transposition (translocation)
- 4.3.4. Transmigration
- 4.3.5. Prevention and treatment
- Section III. Post-eruption Hard Tissue Physiological Changes and Pathological Conditions.
- 5. Caries
- 5.1. Introduction
- 5.2. Bacteria in caries
- 5.2.1. Plaque development
- 5.2.2. Composition of plaque
- 5.2.3. Caries-specific bacteria?
- 5.2.4. Transmission of cariogenic flora
- 5.2.5. Virulence factors
- 5.3. The substrate
- 5.3.1. Sugars
- 5.3.2. Saccharose
- 5.4. The initial lesion (enamel)
- 5.4.1. The carious process
- 5.4.2. Histology and chemistry of the initial enamel lesion
- 5.5. Progression of the carious lesion
- 5.5.1. Histology of dentine caries
- 5.5.2. Macroscopic appearance
- 5.5.3. Pulpal reactions
- 5.6. Root caries
- 5.7. Some risk factors
- 5.7.1. Chronic malnutrition
- 5.7.2. Inborn errors of metabolism and other diseases
- 5.7.3. Xerostomia
- 5.7.4. Crohn's disease
- 5.7.5. Nursing-bottle caries
- 5.7.6. Cleft lip/palate
- 5.7.7. Thalassaemia
- 5.8. Identification of carious lesions
- 5.8.1. Smooth surface caries
- 5.8.2. Occlusal caries
- 5.8.3. Approximal caries
- 5.9. Rate of progression of the carious process
- 5.10. Epidemiology
- 5.10.1. Indices
- 5.10.2. Some prevalence data
- 5.10.3. Distribution through the dentition
- 5.11. Prevention
- 5.11.1. Removal of plaque
- 5.11.2. Counselling
- 5.11.3. Diet
- 5.11.4. Fluoride
- 5.11.5. Other preventive chemical agents
- 5.11.6. Sugar substitutes
- 5.11.7. Sealant
- 5.11.8. Mouthrinses
- 5.11.9. Identification of groups at risk
- 5.11.10. Immunisation
- 5.11.11. Introducing modified bacteria into the mouth
- 5.11.12. Ozone therapy
- 5.12. Curative treatment
- 5.12.1. Extension of the preparation outline
- 5.12.2. Removal of infected dentine
- 5.13. Preparation/excavation techniques
- 5.13.1. Side effects of commonly used restorative materials
- 5.13.2. Longevity of common filling materials
- 6. Erosion
- 6.1. Introduction
- 6.2. Aetiology
- 6.2.1. Acid erosion
- 6.2.2. Dietary erosion
- 6.2.3. Idiopathic erosion
- 6.3. Epidemiology
- 6.3.1. Acid erosion
- 6.3.2. Industrial erosion
- 6.3.3. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia
- 6.4. Appearance and diagnosis
- 6.4.1. Macroscopic appearance
- 6.4.2. Sites of erosion
- 6.4.3. Microscopic appearance
- 6.5. Prevention
- 6.5.1. Tooth brushing
- 6.5.2. Perimylolysis
- 6.5.3. Fluoride
- 6.5.4. Chewing gum
- 6.5.5. Treating malocclusions and cervical dentine protection
- 6.5.6. Manufacturers of drinks
- 6.6. Treatment
- 6.7. Alleviation of cervical hypersensitivity
- 6.7.1. Fluoride
- 6.7.2. Other desensitising agents
- 6.7.3. Bonding systems
- 6.7.4. Lasers
- 6.7.5. Occlusal equilibration
- 7. Tooth Resorption
- 7.1. Introduction
- 7.2. Physiological external root resorption: deciduous teeth
- 7.3. Transient external root resorption: both dentitions
- 7.3.1. Trauma
- 7.3.2. Orthodontics
- 7.3.3. Chronic periodontitis
- 7.3.4. Other causes
- 7.4. Progressive resorption: both dentitions
- 7.4.1. Internal resorption
- 7.4.2. Progressive external resorption of roots(/crowns)
- 7.5. Prevention and treatment of progressive external resorption
- 7.5.1. Inflammatory resorption
- 7.5.2. Replacement resorption
- 7.5.3. Cervical resorption
- 8. Tooth Wear and Other Signs of Ageing
- 8.1. Introduction
- 8.2. Ageing
- 8.2.1. Enamel
- 8.2.2. Dentine
- 8.2.3. Pulp
- 8.2.4. Cementum
- 8.3. Nomenclature
- 8.4. Physiological and progressive tooth wear
- 8.4.1. Measurements
- 8.4.2. Determinants of wear
- 8.4.3. Consequences of wear
- 8.4.4. Prevention and treatment
- 8.5. Pathological tooth wear in mutilated dentitions
- 8.5.1. Epidemiology
- 8.5.2. Consequences
- 8.5.3. Prevention and treatment
- 8.6. Bruxism and tooth clenching
- 8.6.1. Epidemiology
- 8.6.2. Aetiology
- 8.6.3. Consequences
- 8.6.4. Prevention and treatment
- 8.7. Cervical lesions caused by tooth brushing
- 8.7.1. Epidemiology
- 8.7.2. Aetiology
- 8.7.3. Prevention and treatment
- 8.8. Other causes of tooth wear
- 8.8.1. Prophylactic pastes
- 8.8.2. Oral and occupational habits
- 9. Tooth Fractures and Traumatic Dentoalveolar Injuries
- 9.1. Introduction
- 9.2. Abuse
- 9.2.1. Battered child syndrome (non-accidental injury)
- 9.2.2. Partner and parental abuse
- 9.2.3. Dealing with cases of suspected abuse
- 9.2.4. Brain damage
- 9.3. Spontaneous cracks and fractures of the teeth
- 9.3.1. Spontaneous cracks (infractions, craze lines)
- 9.3.2. Spontaneous tooth fractures
- 9.3.3. Cervical abfraction (physical stress-induced or non-carious cervical lesion)
- 9.4. Traumatic tooth fractures
- 9.4.1. Crown infraction
- 9.4.2. Uncomplicated crown fracture
- 9.4.3. Complicated crown fracture
- 9.4.4. Crown-root fracture
- 9.4.5. Vertical crown-root fracture
- 9.4.6. Root fracture
- 9.5. Traumatic periodontal injury
- 9.5.1. Concussion
- 9.5.2. Subluxation
- 9.5.3. Luxation
- 9.6. Epidemiology
- 9.6.1. Type of injury
- 9.6.2. Causes
- 9.7. Prevention
- 9.8. Splints
- 10. Discoloration of Teeth
- 10.1. Introduction
- 10.2. Endogenous discoloration
- 10.2.1. Endogenous developmental discoloration
- 10.2.2. Endogenous post-eruption discoloration
- 10.3. Exogenous discoloration
- 10.3.1. Exogenous-infiltrative discoloration
- 10.3.2. Exogenous pseudo-discolorations: superficial stains
- 10.4. Discoloration due to breakdown
- 10.5. Prevention
- 10.5.1. Patient
- 10.5.2. Dentist
- 10.6. Treatment
- 10.6.1. Polishing
- 10.6.2. Abrasion
- 10.6.3. External bleaching
- 10.6.4. Internal bleaching
- 10.6.5. Colour relapse
- 10.6.6. Side effects
- 10.6.7. Restoration
- Section IV. Syndromes
- 11. Congenital Syndromes with Dental Anomalies
- 11.1. Introduction
- 11.1.1. Causes of syndromes
- 11.1.2. Causes of sequences
- 11.1.3. Genotype and phenotype
- 11.1.4. Diagnosis
- 11.1.5. Dental anomalies
- 11.1.6. Nomenclature
- 11.1.7. Classification
- 11.2. Autosomal dominant syndromes
- 11.3. Autosomal recessive syndromes
- 11.4. X-linked syndromes
- 11.5. Chromosomal syndromes.