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Nonfinancial Defined Contribution Pension Schemes in a Changing Pension World, Volume 1 : Progress, Lessons, and Implementation /
Nonfinancial Defined Contribution (NDC) schemes are now in their teens. The new pension concept was born in the early 1990s, implemented from the mid-1990s in Italy, Latvia, Poland and Sweden, legislated most recently in Norway and Egypt and serves as inspiration for other reform countries. This inn...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
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| Autor principal: | |
| Autor Corporativo: | |
| Otros Autores: | , |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Washington :
World Bank Publications,
2012.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Foreword; Preface; Acknowledgments; Abbreviations; I. Taking Stock of Lessons and Issues; 1. NDC in the Teens: Lessons and Issues; 2. The First Wave of NDC Reforms: The Experiences of Italy, Latvia, Poland, and Sweden; Figures; 2.1 Estimated impact of pension reforms on average age of exit from the labor force in 2060; Tables; 2.1 Coverage of the four NDC systems; 2.2 Contribution rates for pensions as a share of wages; 2.3 Cohorts covered by the NDC scheme; 2.4 Components of individual accounts during the accumulation phase.
- 2.2 GDP, wage growth, and NDC and FDC returns, Poland, 2000-092.5 Pension formulas; 2.3 Relation between lifetime earnings and pensions; 2.6 Replacement rates for newly granted benefits; 2.7 Theoretical replacement rates at retirement for new entrants into the labor force; 2.8 Change in future net replacement rates depending on years spent out of the formal labor market to provide child care; 2.4 Impact of public contributions on reduction of net loss of pension benefit because of child care; 2.9 Changes in the ratio of public pension expenditure to GDP, 2007-60.
- 2.10 Decomposition of the ratio of public pension spending to GDP, 2007-602.11 Ratio of an average pension to an average wage, 2007 and 2060; 2.12 Factors influencing financial balance; 3. Parallel Lines: NDC Pensions and the Direction of Pension Reform in Developed Countries; 3.1 Number of years of earnings used in the pension calculation; 3.2 Reduction in accrued pension benefits per year of early retirement; 3.3 Changes in gross pension wealth from working an additional year at ages 60-65; 3.4 Increase in accrued benefits per year of deferral of pension claim after normal age.
- 3.1 Four ways of establishing a link between life expectancy and pensions3.2 Life expectancy at age 65 in 2002; distribution of 50-year projections and change from baseline; 3.5 Effect of life expectancy risk in mandatory pension programs; 3A.1 Treatment of early and late retirees by pension schemes in OECD countries; COMMENTS; Marek Góra; Krzysztof Hagemejer; Bernd Marin; Fritz von Nordheim; II. Reforms under Implementation, Consideration, Contemplation; 4. Pension Reform in Norway: Combining an NDC Approach and Distributional Goals.
- 4.1 Before-tax overall public pension (income and guaranteed pensions) as a percentage of the average wage4.2 Before-tax overall public pension (income and guaranteed pensions) as a percentage of the average wage; 4.1 Replacement rates of the total old-age pension (including guaranteed pension) before taxes, for selected birth cohorts and earnings levels, before and after the reform; 4.2 Decomposition of the effect of postponing retirement on the replacement rate of the old-age pension for the 1963 birth cohort in the case AW100, by retirement age.