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Industrial Crystallization Process Monitoring and Control.
This ready reference and handbook draws on the experience and expertise of a large group of experts in the various areas of industrial crystallization processes, capturing the essence of current trends, the markets, design tools and technologies in this key field. Along the way, it outlines trouble...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
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| Autor principal: | |
| Otros Autores: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Hoboken :
John Wiley & Sons,
2012.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Industrial Crystallization ProcessMonitoring and Control; Contents; Preface; Scope of the Book; List of Contributors; 1 Characterization of Crystal Size Distribution; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Particle Size Distribution; 1.3 Particle Size Distribution Moments; 1.4 Particle Size Distribution Characterization on the Basis of Mass Distribution; References; 2 Forward Light Scattering; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Principles of Laser Diffraction; 2.3 Scatter Theory; 2.3.1 Generalized Lorenz-Mie Theory; 2.3.2 Anomalous Diffraction; 2.3.3 Fraunhofer Diffraction; 2.4 Deconvolution.
- 2.4.1 Direct Inversion Using the Nonnegativity Constraint2.4.2 Philips Twomey Inversion Method; 2.4.3 Iterative Methods; 2.5 The Effects of Shape; 2.6 Multiple Scattering; 2.7 Application of Laser Diffraction for Monitoring and Control of Industrial Crystallization Processes; 2.8 Conclusions; References; Further Reading; 3 Focused Beam Reflectance Measurement; 3.1 Measurement Principle; 3.2 Application Examples; 3.2.1 Solubility and Metastable Zone Width (MSZW); 3.2.2 Seed Effectiveness; 3.2.3 Polymorph Transformations; 3.2.4 Effect of Different Impurity Levels; 3.2.5 Nucleation Kinetics.
- 3.2.6 Improved Downstream Processing3.2.7 Process Control; 3.3 Advantages and Limitations; References; 4 Turbidimetry for the Estimation of Crystal Average Size; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Determination of Average Particle Size from Specific Turbidity; 4.3 Procedure to Evaluate Average Crystal Size by Turbidimetry for a High Solid Slurry Concentration; 4.4 Conclusion; References; Further Reading; 5 Imaging; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Literature Overview; 5.3 The Sensor Design; 5.3.1 Optics and Illumination; 5.3.2 The Camera System and the Resolution; 5.3.3 Image Analysis; 5.3.4 Statistics.
- 5.4 Application of In Situ Imaging for Monitoring Crystallization Processes5.4.1 Example 1; 5.4.2 Example 2; 5.5 Conclusions; References; Further Reading; 6 Turbidimetry and Nephelometry; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Measurement of Nucleation and Solubility Points; 6.3 The Developed Turbidimetric and Nephelometric Instruments; 6.4 The Examined Systems; 6.5 Obtained Results; References; 7 Speed of Sound; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 In-Process Ultrasound Measurement; 7.3 Determining Solubility and Metastable Zone Width; 7.4 Measuring Crystal Growth Rates; 7.5 Detecting Phase Transitions with Ultrasound.