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Composition and Properties of Drilling and Completion Fluids.
The petroleum industry in general has been dominated by engineers and production specialists. The upstream segment of the industry is dominated byÈdrilling/completion engineers. Usually, neither of those disciplines have a great deal of trainingïn the chemistry aspects of drilling and completing a w...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Autor principal: | |
| Otros Autores: | , |
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Burlington :
Elsevier Science,
2011.
|
| Edición: | 6th ed. |
| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Front Cover
- Composition and Properties of Drilling and Completion Fluids
- Copyright
- Dedication
- Table of Contents
- Preface
- Chapter 1. Introduction to Drilling Fluids
- Functions of Drilling Fluids
- Composition of Drilling Fluids
- Properties of Drilling Fluids
- Drilling Fluid Selection
- Mud Handling Equipment
- Optimization
- References
- Chapter 2. The Development of Drilling Fluids Technology
- Water-Based Drilling Fluids Technology
- Oil-Based Drilling Fluids Technology
- Gas-Based Drilling Fluids Technology
- References
- Chapter 3. Equipment and Procedures for Evaluating Drilling Fluid Performance
- Sample Preparation
- Properties Measured
- Multifunctional Circulating Systems
- Aging at High Temperature
- Particle Size Determination
- Identification of Mineral Constituents
- Determination of Gas, Oil, and Solids Content
- Electrical Properties
- Materials for Regaining Lost Circulation
- Maintenance of Hole Stability
- Lubricity
- Factors Affecting Differential-Pressure Sticking of Drill Pipe
- Corrosion Tests
- Flocculants
- Foams and Foaming Agents
- Aniline Point
- Chemical Analysis
- Evaluation of Drilling Fluid Materials
- References
- Chapter 4. Clay Mineralogy and the Colloid Chemistry of Drilling Fluids
- Characteristics of Colloidal Systems
- Clay Mineralogy
- Origin and Occurrence of Clay Minerals
- Ion Exchange
- Clay Swelling Mechanisms
- The Electrostatic Double Layer
- Particle Association
- The Mechanism of Gelation
- Polymers
- References
- Chapter 5. The Rheology of Drilling Fluids
- Laminar Flow Regime
- Turbulent Flow Regime
- Influence of Temperature and Pressure on the Rheology of Drilling Fluids
- Application of Flow Equations to Conditions in the Drilling Well
- Rheological Properties Required for Optimum Performance
- The Importance of Hole Stability.
- Notation
- References
- Chapter 6. The Filtration Properties of Drilling Fluids
- Static Filtration
- The Filter Cake
- Dynamic Filtration
- Filtration in the Borehole
- Notation
- References
- Chapter 7. The Surface Chemistry of Drilling Fluids
- Surface Tension
- Wettability
- Surface Free Energy
- Adhesion
- Surfactants
- Emulsions
- Oil-Wetting Agents
- Foams
- Defoamers
- The Effect of Electrochemical Environment on Rock Failure
- Notation
- References
- Chapter 8. Hole Stability
- The Mechanics of Borehole Stability
- Hole Instability Caused by Interaction between the Drilling Fluid and Shale Formations
- Notation
- References
- Chapter 9. Drilling Problems Related to Drilling Fluids
- Drill String Torque and Drag
- Differential Sticking of the Drill String
- Slow Drilling Rate
- Loss of Circulation
- High Temperatures
- Corrosion of Drill Pipe
- Notation
- References
- Chapter 10. Completion, Reservoir Drilling, Workover, and Packer Fluids
- Expense versus Value
- The Skin Effect
- Prevention of Formation Damage
- Selection of Completion and Workover Fluids
- Tests for Potential Formation Damage by Completion Fluids
- Packer Fluids and Casing Packs
- Reservoir Drilling Fluids
- Formate Brines
- References
- Chapter 11. Drilling Fluid Components
- Types of Drilling Fluids
- Water-Based Muds
- Oil-Based Drilling Fluids
- Inverted Emulsion Drilling Muds
- Foam Drilling Fluids
- Chemically Enhanced Drilling Fluids
- Gas-Based Muds
- Summary of Additives
- Weighting Agents
- Barite
- Ilmenite
- Calcium Carbonate
- Zinc Oxide
- Zirconium Oxide
- Manganese Tetroxide
- Hollow Glass Microspheres
- Lubricants
- Molybdenum Disulfide
- Polarized Graphite
- Ellipsoidal Glass Granules
- Paraffins
- Olefins
- Synthetic Greases
- Phospholipids
- Alcohols
- Ethers and Esters
- Starch.
- Thickeners
- Polymers
- Mixed Metal Hydroxides
- Lost Circulation Additives
- Water Swellable Polymers
- Anionic Association Polymer
- Fragile Gels
- Permanent Grouting
- Clay and Shale Stabilizers
- Salts
- Saccharide Derivatives
- Sulfonated Asphalt
- Grafted Copolymers
- Poly(oxyalkylene amine)s
- Anionic Polymers
- Shale Encapsulator
- Membrane Formation
- Formation Damage Prevention
- Surfactants
- Emulsifiers
- Invert Emulsions
- Aphrons
- Low-Fluorescent Emulsifiers
- Bacteria Control
- Corrosion Inhibitors
- Oxygen Scavenger
- Hydrogen Sulfide Removal
- Special Additives for Water-Based Drilling Muds
- Special Additives for Oil-Based Drilling Muds
- Special Additives for Inverted Emulsion Drilling Muds
- References
- Chapter 12. Drilling and Drilling Fluids Waste Management
- Drilling Wastes
- Minimizing Waste Problems
- Waste Disposal Options
- Slurry Fracture Injection
- Offshore Waste Disposal for NADFs
- Offshore Discharge
- Onshore Disposal
- Evaluation of Fate and Effects of Drill Cuttings Discharge
- Benthic Impacts and Recovery
- Biodegradation and Organic Enrichment
- Chemical Toxicity and Bioaccumulation
- Recovery
- Laboratory Studies
- Characterization of NADF Biodegradability
- OGP Document Conclusions
- Waste Reduction and Recycling
- Prototype Small Footprint Drilling Rig
- Disappearing Roads
- NOx Air Emissions Studies
- Drilling Waste Management Website
- New Product R & D
- References
- U.S. Waste Regulation Bibliography
- Appendix A: Conversion Factors
- Appendix B: Abbreviations Used in References
- Author Index
- Subject Index.