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Biofuels in Africa : Opportunities, Prospects, and Challenges.
A new economic opportunity for sub-Saharan Africa is looming large: biofuel production. Rapidly rising energy prices are expected to remain high for an extended period of time because of the increasing demand in prospering and populous countries such as China and India, the depletion of easily acces...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
|---|---|
| Formato: | Electrónico eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
World Bank Group
2010.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- Cover13;
- Contents
- Foreword
- Acknowledgments
- About the Author
- Abbreviations
- Executive Summary
- Chapter 1 Introduction
- Chapter 2 Understanding Biofuels in Africa
- Production
- Consumption
- Prices
- Trade
- Biofuel Standards
- Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Carbon Credits, and Biofuels
- Summary and Conclusions
- Notes
- References
- Chapter 3 Biofuel Production Costs
- Straight Vegetable Oil Production Costs and Prices
- Jatropha Plantation Production Model
- Producing Biodiesel from Jatropha Oil
- Ethanol Production Costs
- Summary of Biofuel Production Cost Estimates
- Volatility of Production Costs and Managing Price Risk
- Summary and Conclusions
- Notes
- References
- Chapter 4 Global and Regional Demand for Biofuels
- Energy Prices
- Mandates and Subsidies
- Biofuel Demand in the African Region
- Global Demand for Biofuel Imports
- Summary and Conclusions
- Annex
- Notes
- References
- Chapter 5 Case Studies
- D1 Oils Plc
- Diligent Tanzania Ltd.
- SEKAB BioEnergy Tanzania Ltd.
- Lessons Learned
- Notes
- References
- Chapter 6 Policies for Biofuels in Africa
- Policies for Biofuel Feedstock Production
- Policies for the Manufacture of Biofuels
- Policies for the Domestic Sale of Biofuels
- Investment Incentives for Biofuels
- A Biofuel Development Strategy
- Development of the Policy Framework
- The Role of Donors, Multilateral Institutions, Foreign Investors, and the Development Community
- Summary and Conclusions
- References
- Appendix A The Brazilian Experience
- Historical Developments
- Environmental Effects of Producing Sugarcane
- Lessons from the Brazilian Experience
- Note
- References
- Appendix B Selected Data for African Countries
- Index
- Boxes
- 2.1 Clean Development Mechanism
- 3.1 Comparison of Wages for Harvesting Jatropha and Tea
- 3.2 Ethanol versus Biodiesel: Production Costs in Iowa
- 3.3 Ethanol Producer VeraSun Bankrupt after Failed Hedge
- 4.1 Econometric Model of Transport Fuel Demand
- 6.1 Mozambique8217;s Biofuel Policy and Strategy
- 6.2 Malawi and Zambia: Neighboring Countries, Different Biofuel Policies
- 6.3 Tea Research Institute of Tanzania
- Figures
- 2.1 Consumption Mandates for Biofuels
- 2.2 The Impact of Biofuel Mandates on Food Crop Prices
- 2.3 Monthly U.S. Ethanol and Gasoline Prices, 20008211;10
- 2.4 Monthly Brazilian Ethanol and Gasolina Prices, 20018211;10
- 2.5 Import Tariff on Biofuels
- 3.1 Elasticities of Jatropha Oil Production Costs to Critical Variables
- 3.2 Monthly Minimum Wages in African Countries
- 3.3 Elasticities of Ethanol Production Costs to Critical Variables
- 4.1 Real Primary Commodity Prices, 19008211;2009
- 4.2 Retail Fuel Prices in Africa, 2008
- 4.3 Fuel Consumption versus GDP in Low- and Middle-Income Countries, 2005
- 4.4 Fuel Consumption versus Price in Low- and Middle-Income Countries, 2006
- 4.5 Fuel Consumption versus Urbanization in Low- and Middle-Income Countries, 2005
- 4.6 EU Ethanol Prices, July 20068211;July 2010
- 4.7 EU Greenhouse Gas Savings from Biofuels
- 5.1 Jatropha Labor Requirements
- 5.2 Jatropha Crop Calendar, Zambia
- 5.3 Diligent Tanzania Ltd. Production Cost Shares, Year 10
- Tables
- ES. 1.