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Epioptics-10 : proceedings of the 43rd course of the International School of Solid State Physics, Erice, Italy, 19-26 July 2008 /
The book is aimed at assessing the capabilities of state-of-the-art optical techniques in elucidating the fundamental electronic and structural properties of semiconductor and metal surfaces, interfaces, thin layers, and layer structures, and assessing the usefulness of these techniques for optimiza...
| Clasificación: | Libro Electrónico |
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| Autores Corporativos: | , |
| Otros Autores: | |
| Formato: | Electrónico Congresos, conferencias eBook |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Singapore ; Hackensack, N.J. :
World Scientific Pub. Co.,
©2010.
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| Colección: | Science and culture series (Singapore). Physics.
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| Temas: | |
| Acceso en línea: | Texto completo |
Tabla de Contenidos:
- 1. Scope
- 2. Why non-equilibrium thermodynamics? 2.1. Simple flux equations. 2.2. Flux equations in non-equilibrium thermodynamics. 2.3. The lost work of an industrial plant. 2.4. The second law efficiency. 2.5. Consistent thermodynamic models
- 3. The entropy production of one-dimensional transport processes. 3.1. Balance equations. 3.2. Entropy production. 3.3. Examples. 3.4. The frame of reference for fluxes
- 4. Flux equations and transport coefficients. 4.1. Linear flux-force relations. 4.2. Transport of heat and mass. 4.3. Transport of heat and charge. 4.4. Transport of mass and charge. 4.5. Transport of volume and charge. 4.6. Concluding remarks
- 5. Non-isothermal multi-component diffusion. 5.1. Isothermal diffusion. 5.2. Maxwell-Stefan equations generalized. 5.3. Concluding remarks
- 6. Systems with shear flow. 6.1. Balance equations. 6.2. Entropy production. 6.3. Stationary pipe flow. 6.4. The plug flow reactor. 6.5. Concluding remarks
- 7. Chemical reactions. 7.1. The Gibbs energy change of a chemical reaction. 7.2. The reaction path. 7.3. A rate equation with a thermodynamic basis. 7.4. The law of mass action. 7.5. The entropy production on the mesoscopic scale. 7.6. Concluding remarks
- 8. The lost work in the aluminum electrolysis. 8.1. The aluminum electrolysis cell. 8.2. The thermodynamic efficiency. 8.3. A simplified cell model. 8.4. Lost work due to charge transfer. 8.5. Lost work by excess carbon consumption. 8.6. Lost work due to heat transport through the walls. 8.7. A map of the lost work. 8.8. Concluding remarks
- 9. The state of minimum entropy production and optimal control theory. 9.1. Isothermal expansion of an ideal gas. 9.2. Optimal control theory. 9.3. Heat exchange. 9.4. Concluding remarks
- 10. The state of minimum entropy production in selected process units. 10.1. The plug flow reactor. 10.2. Distillation columns. 10.3. Concluding remarks.